Population Genetics 1

Question 1

What is population genetics ?

Answer 1

The body of mathematical principles that explain how genetic variation changes in populations over space and time

Question 2

What is a population?

Answer 2

A group of sexually interbreeding individuals
Has two attributes:
1. Gene frequencies
2. Gene pool

Question 3

What influences the frequency of gene variation?

Answer 3

1. Natural selection
2. Migration
3. Genetic drift

Question 4

What does the hardy Weinberg principle state ?

Answer 4

That allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of evolutionary factors

Question 5

What is the hardy Weinberg equation ?

Answer 5

p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1
p + q = 1

Question 6

What is P^2 ?

Answer 6

frequency of homozygous dominant genotype

Question 7

What is q^2 ?

Answer 7

frequency of homozygous recessive genotype

Question 8

What is 2pq ?

Answer 8

frequency of heterozygous genotype

Question 9

What are the hardy Weinberg assumptions ?

Answer 9

1. random mating
2. no natural selection
3. Large population
4. no migration
5. no mutation

Question 10

What is the equation for allele frequency?

Answer 10

AF = frequently (homozygotes) + 0.5 frequency (heterozygote)

Question 11

What is Huntington’s disease ?

Answer 11

Caused by a mutation on the short arm of chromosome 4
Autosomal dominant
Brain disorder

Question 12

What is muscular dystrophy?

Answer 12

X-linked recessive
Occurs more in males
Symptoms of muscle weakness