Population Week 2

Question 1

Demography

Answer 1

The study of human populations and population trends

Question 2

Immigration

Answer 2

The movement of people into a country or region from another country or region. Immigration is specifically used to indicate people arriving at the country being discussed. One immigrated TO a nation.

Question 3

Emigration

Answer 3

The movement of people out of a country or region. Emigration is specifically used to indicate people leaving the country in question. One emigrates FROM a nation.

Question 4

Crude birth rate (CBR)

Answer 4

The number of births per 1,000 individuals per year. Formula: (# of births per year / total population) x 1000

Question 5

Crude death rate (CDR)

Answer 5

The number of deaths per 1,000 individuals per year. Formula: (# of deaths per year / total population) x 1000

Question 6

Net migration rate

Answer 6

The difference between immigration and emigration in a given year per 1,000 people in a country

Question 7

Life expectancy

Answer 7

The average number of years a person born in a particular year can be expected to live. Factors that can influence life expectancy include access to quality medical care, access to good sources of nutrition and clean water, laws and regulations protecting workers, access to to quality sanitation, and education opportunities.

Question 8

Infant mortality

Answer 8

the number of deaths of children under 1 year of age per 1,000 live births. Factors influencing infant mortality including access to quality healthcare, and poor and insufficient nutrition.

Question 9

Child mortality

Answer 9

The number of deaths of children under 5 per 1,000 live births

Question 10

Environmental justice

Answer 10

The study of the disproportionate exposure to environmental hazards experienced by people of color, recent immigrants and people of lower socioeconomic backgrounds; and is both an academic field and. a social movement

Question 11

Age structure diagram

Answer 11

A visual representation of the number of individuals within specific age groups for a country, typically expressed for males and females

Question 12

Population pyramid

Answer 12

An age structure diagram that is widest at the bottom and smallest at the top, typical of developing countries

Question 13

Developing countries

Answer 13

Countries with relatively low levels of industrialization and income

Question 14

Developed countries

Answer 14

Countries that have relatively high levels of industrialization and income

Question 15

Total fertility rate (TFR)

Answer 15

An estimate of the average number of children that each woman in a population will bear throughout her childbearing years. TFR can be affected by the age at which females have their first child, education and employment opportunities for women, access to family planning, government policies, importance of children in the workforce, cost of raising and educating children, urbanization, and religious beliefs, traditions, and cultural norms.

Question 16

Family planning

Answer 16

The regulation of the number or spacing of offspring through the use of birth control

Question 17

Replacement-level fertility

Answer 17

The number of children a couple must produce to replace themselves. Populations that are at replacement fertility are considered stable (not growing or shrinking)

Question 18

Doubling time

Answer 18

The number of years it takes a population to double

Question 19

Rule of 70

Answer 19

A method which dictates that by dividing the number 70 by the percentage population growth rate we can determine a population’s doubling time. Formula: doubling time (years) = 70 / growth rate(%)

Question 20

Theory of demographic transition

Answer 20

A theory that states that a country moves from high to lower birth and death rates as development occurs and that country moves from preindustrial to an industrialized economic system

Question 21

Birth rate

Answer 21

Formula: # of births per year / total population

Question 22

Death rate

Answer 22

Formula: # of deaths per year / total population

Question 23

Population density

Answer 23

Formula: population / area

Question 24

National growth rate

Answer 24

Formula: (CBR + immigration) - (CDR + emmigration) / 10

Question 25

Global growth rte (no immigration or emigration)

Answer 25

Formula: r% = (CBR - CDR) / 10

Question 26

Natural Increase (no immigration or emigration)

Answer 26

Formula: CBR - CDR

Question 27

Finding future population from growth rate

Answer 27

Formula: ( initial population) X ( growth rate ) ^ years