PPt.10: Chemical Cycles in Ecosystems Unit 2

Question 1

Can energy be recycled?

Answer 1

No

Question 2

Can matter be recycled?

Answer 2

Yes

Question 3

Building blocks of biomass

Answer 3

Chemical Nutrients

Question 4

Example of Chemical Nutrients

Answer 4

Nitrogen in nitrates makes protein

Question 5

Nutrients can be lost in 2 ways

Answer 5

1. Run-off stream

2. Atmosphere

Question 6

How much of the earth is water?

Answer 6

3/4 of the planet

Question 7

How much water makes up living organisms?

Answer 7

70-90%

Question 8

Which equation represents photosynthesis?
A. CO2+H20+energy=C6H12O6+O2
B. C6H12O6+O2=energy+CO2+H2O

Answer 8

A. CO2+H20+energy=C6H12O6+O2

Question 9

Which equation represents Cellular Respiration
A. CO2+H20+energy=C6H12O6+O2
B. C6H12O6+O2=energy+CO2+H2O

Answer 9

B. C6H12O6+O2=energy+CO2+H2O

Question 10

The tendency of an atom to attract electrons

Answer 10

Electronegativity

Question 11

The side with oxygen carries _____ charge, the side with hydrogen carries _____ charge.

Answer 11

Negative, Positive

Question 12

Water is a ______ ______

Answer 12

Polar Molecule

Question 13

Electrostatic attraction between polar molecules

Answer 13

Hydrogen bond

Question 14

Properties of Water

1) High Specific Heat:

Answer 14

Takes a lot of heat to change the temperature of water

Question 15

Oceans are holding __-__% of heat causing global warming

Answer 15

80-90%

Question 16

Properties of Water

2) High Heat of Vaporization

Answer 16

Takes 2,260 Joules/gram to evaporate water

Question 17

Boiling Point=

Answer 17

100 degree C

Question 18

When hydrogen bonds break,

Answer 18

Releases a liquid gas

Question 19

Properties of Water

3) Latent Heat of Fusion

Answer 19

It takes 334 Joules/gram to make ice a liquid state

Question 20

Oceans would rise if heat fusion was
A. Lower
B. Higher

Answer 20

A. Lower

Question 21

Properties of Water

4) Universal Solvent

Answer 21

Water can dissolve more substances because of its polarity

Question 22

Ex. of Ionic compound

Answer 22

Salt

Question 23

Ex. Polar molecules

Answer 23

Sugar

Question 24

Ex. of non-polar molecules

Answer 24

Fats and lipids do not dissolve

Question 25

How many layers of lipids around each cell?

Answer 25

2

Question 26

Properties of Water | 5) Maximum Density at 4 degrees C

Answer 26

Water gets less dense below 4 degrees

Question 27

Ice floats because

Answer 27

It is less dense, more empty spaces

Question 28

Development of layers of differing temperature

Answer 28

Stratification

Question 29

Properties of Water 6) Cohesion and Adhesion What is the difference?

Answer 29

Cohesion is the force of attraction between same molecules or substances, Adhesion is force of attraction between different molecules or substances

Question 30

Define Cohesion and give example

Answer 30

Attraction between same substances or molecules | Ex. Water touching Water

Question 31

Define Adhesion and give an example

Answer 31

Attraction between two different substances or molecules | Ex. Water and glass

Question 32

Properties of Water 7) Surface Tension Water has a high surface tension caused by,

Answer 32

The strong cohesion between water molecules | Ex. explains how some insects can walk on water

Question 33

Properties of Water | 8) Capillary Action

Answer 33

Water rises into a narrow tube against the force of gravity into plants and trees

Question 34

Water carrying tissue

Answer 34

Xylem

Question 35

Pores in leaves

Answer 35

Stomates

Question 36

Process where one water molecule leaves

Answer 36

Evapotransportation

Question 37

Properties of Water | 9) Transparency

Answer 37

Light can pass through water

Question 38

Process driven by solar energy which evaporates water

Answer 38

Hydrologic cycle

Question 39

Photosynthesis and Respiration are part of which process

Answer 39

Carbon Cycle

Question 40

How much of earth's atmosphere is carbon?

Answer 40

.04%

Question 41

What 2 reasons have caused carbon dioxide levels to rise in the last 200 years?

Answer 41

1) Burning of fossil fuels | 2) Clearing of tropical forests

Question 42

Describe the Greenhouse effect from Power point 10

Answer 42

Short wave radiations from the sun, Long wave radiations heat atmosphere, Earth would be too cold without it

Question 43

Nitrogen is an essential part of _______

Answer 43

Proteins, which make up enzymes

Question 44

Nitrogen makes up how much of earth's atmosphere?

Answer 44

78%

Question 45

4 Stages: | Nitrogen must be converted into an organic form

Answer 45

Nitrogen Fixation

Question 46

Belongs to a group of plants with roots containing bacteria that does the transformation. Has a hard shell with bumps.

Answer 46

Legumes

Question 47

4 Stages: | When a plant or animal dies or an animal expels waste, the initial form of nitrogen is organic

Answer 47

Ammonification

Question 48

4 Stages: | Conversion of ammonia to nitrate is performed primarily by soil-living bacteria

Answer 48

Nitrification

Question 49

Ammonia gas is toxic to plants so must be converted from _____ to _____

Answer 49

Nitrates to Nitrites

Question 50

4 Stages: | Reduction of nitrates back into the largely inert nitrogen gas

Answer 50

Dentrification

Question 51

Some _________ produce toxins

Answer 51

Cyanobacteria

Question 52

Released through volcanic eruptions

Answer 52

Sulphur

Question 53

Human activity has altered the ______ ______

Answer 53

Phosphorus Cycle