Practice Test 2 Flashcards
(25 cards)
Why is Ethanol Soluble in water?
The hydroxyl group in ethanol participates in hydrogen bonding with water
Anions
negatively charged ions
What does carbon 14 isotope contain
6 protons, 8 neutrons and 6 electrons
Limitations of green chemistry
High implementing costs, financial barriers, lack knowledge
Four elements most abundant in the human body?
Hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and nitrogen
What are the green house gases?
water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone
Tragedy of global commons: Examples
Greenhouse gases, population growth, non-renewable resources
Uracil replaces what nucleotide?
Thymine
What chemicals does the body produce to maintain its optimal pH?
OH - and H + (Hydroxide and hydrogen)
Which elements form covalent compounds?
Carbon and oxygen
What does covalent bonding occur between?
non-metal and non-metal atoms
What particles are used in determining the position of an element within the periodic table?
Protons
Atomic number is defined as:
the number of protons in the nucleus
What takes place in a decomposition chemical reaction?
a compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances
Role of a Catalyst
speed up the rate of reaction
How do catalysts speed up reactions?
by reducing the activation energy
Examples of catalysts
Enzymes. a naturally occurring catalyst that is responsible for many essential biochemical reactions
What is acidosis and alkalosis?
conditions ehich there is a disterbance in the pH balance of the body
Acidosis =
Alkalosis =
too acidic (low pH)
too basic/alkaline (high pH)
What chemical is accumulated to cause excess acid?
CO2 (carbon dioxide)
High acid in the blood, causing other bodily fluids to become acidic
what is this condition called?
respiratory acidosis, or if to basic/alkaline respiratory alkalosis
exothermic reaction
Net release of energy, causing temperature of the immediate surroundings to rise. e.g. rusting on ion
endothermic
absorbs heat and cools surroundings. e.g. melting ice.
what are the monomers of the 4 biomolecules of life? with examples
Carbohydrates - monosacchaides - starch, glucose
Lipids- glycercol/fatty acids - oils, fats
Nucleic acid - nucleotides - DNA, RNA
Protein - amino acids - eggs, meat
