Life Sciences- week 6 Flashcards
(25 cards)
Examples of tragedy of the commons in environment
Over consumption and ultimately depletion of the common resource, to everybody’s detriment
What is the tragedy of commons?
A problem in economics that occurs when individuals neglect the well being of society in the pursuit of personal gain.
What is the carbon footprint?
Carbon footprint is the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions associated with all the activites of a person or other entity (e.g. building, corporation, country etc)
How does our carbon footprint affect our health?
It includes the emissions of other greenhouse gases such as: methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
What is green chemistry?
The design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use or generation of hazardous substances
Examples of green chemistry
Biodegradable plastics
Solar power
Green pharmaceutical preparations
Pros of green chemistry
-Prevent the generation of pollution
-Solar power
-Green pharmaceutical preparations
Cons of green chemistry
-High implementing costs
-Lack of information
-No known alternative chemical or raw material inputs yet
Matter?
The term used to describe object/substance that occupies space and have a discernible mass.
Three major states of matter
Solid, Liquid and Gas
Atom
The smallest unit into which matter can be divided without the release of eclectically charged particles
Atomic Composition
Proton: positively charged particles
Neutron: neutral particles
Electron: negatively charged particles
Atomic Number
The number of protons in the nucleus
Atomic Mass
Determined by the presence of protons and neutrons
Ions
Are atoms in which the number of electrons does not equal the number of protons, therefore, have an overall charge
Cation
Positively changed ions, ie, atoms that gain elections
Anions
Negatively changed ions
Isotopes
different forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons, but different number of neutrons in their nucleus, hence differ in relative atomic mass
Element
Any substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by ordinary chemical processes. An element contains only one type of atom.
What are three elements most abundant in the earth’s crust?
Oxygen, silicon, Aluminum
What four elements are normally most abundant in the human body?
Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon, Nitrogen
What is an element composed of atoms with?
Same atomic numbers
How many protons would be in the nuclei of magnesium atom?
12
How many electrons would be in a magnesium atom?
12
