Pre-midterm class

Question 1

three parts of social inclusion:

Answer 1

1) deal w/ structural roots of exclusion 2) rooted in community org and mobilization 3) transformative

Question 2

CJS is primarily ___ and ___ justice

Answer 2

criminal ; social

Question 3

5 stages of policy development

Answer 3

1) identify the prob
2) agenda setting (prioritizing)
3) policy formation
4) policy implementation
5) policy evaluation and reassessment

Question 4

why study crime?

Answer 4

important to understand all aspects of social lives; reduce crime; affects us all

Question 5

financial compensation for crime in early history

Answer 5

wergild

Question 6

what are oath helpers?

Answer 6

accused could call 20-25 ppl to testify their innocence

Question 7

person who believed all ppl motivated by pleasure/pain, panoptican

Answer 7

Bentham

Question 8

most influential scholar in the evolution of justice

Answer 8

Beccaria

Question 9

deterrence should include measure of:

Answer 9

swiftness, certainty, severity

Question 10

Canada is more ____ in sentencing/punishing

Answer 10

centre-left (liberal)

Question 11

the right to not be abused by the power of the state

Answer 11

liberty

Question 12

ppl should go to prison __ punishment, not __ punishment

Answer 12

as; for

Question 13

neoclassical incorporated 3 new concepts:

Answer 13

1) extenuating circumstances 2) past record 3) differences in free will

Question 14

what contributes to diffs in free will:

Answer 14

social determinants, developmental stages

Question 15

substantive outcomes

Answer 15

Substantive law consists of written statutory rules passed by legislature that govern how people behave, define crimes and set forth punishment, define rights/freedoms

Question 16

procedural outcomes

Answer 16

Procedural law governs the mechanics of how a legal case flows, including steps to process a case, adheres to due process

Question 17

goal of rise of municipal policing:

Answer 17

maintain public order, control/prevent crime, provide services to the community

Question 18

proactive vs. reactive policing

Answer 18

preventative/interventionary vs. responding to complaint after crime has been committed

Question 19

types of court:

Answer 19

provincial, provincial superior, appeals, supreme, youth

Question 20

what is provincial superior court?

Answer 20

handles certain indictable offences such as first/second degree murder

Question 21

___ suggests that modern punishment continues to serve as surveillance, control, management

Answer 21

Foucalt

Question 22

instrumental in establishing prisoner advocacy groups, first ever penitentiary

Answer 22

John Howard

Question 23

affluent person who advocated for better female prisons

Answer 23

Elizabeth Fry

Question 24

under this act, pens became responsibility of fed gov

Answer 24

british north american act

Question 25

canadian sentencing process is driven by ____-

Answer 25

punishment, deterrence, rehabilitation

Question 26

sentencing includes:

Answer 26

fines, fine option, community service, restitution, probation, conditional sentence, electronic monitor, incarceration

Question 27

what is corporal punishment?

Answer 27

act that produces physical pain short of death

Question 28

use of sanctions have the following objectives:

Answer 28

denounce unlawful conduct, deter offenders, separate offender from society, rehab, reparations, responsibility

Question 29

CSC is part of Ministry of ___

Answer 29

Solicitor general

Question 30

role of provincial ombudsman:

Answer 30

independent prov body responsible investigate correctional complaints

Question 31

5 ways of obtaining info about crime:

Answer 31

speculation/logical analysis, authority, consensus, observation, past experience

Question 32

indirect consequences and effects of behaviour

Answer 32

collateral pains

Question 33

rights in the charter include:

Answer 33

right to life, liberty, security; right not to be subjected to cruel/unusual punishment; right not deprived

Question 34

16 interrelated myths:

Answer 34

all convicts guilty of crime, effectiveness of community corrections, cost of amenities, physical appearance of convicts, access to free education, violent nature of prisoners, uncaring nature of correctional officers, relationship between prison and crime rates, amt of punishment offender receives, quality of facilities, utility of punishment as deterrent

Question 35

pre-sentence report is:

Answer 35

detailed info that assists judge in sentencing offender

Question 36

pre-sentence report completed by:

Answer 36

probation officer

Question 37

gladue factors refer to:

Answer 37

res school experience

Question 38

what are sentencing alternatives?

Answer 38

probation, conditional sentence, electronic monitor, community service order, restitution, mediation

Question 39

what is conditional discharge?

Answer 39

offender follows all rules of court = no conviction on crim record

Question 40

what is suspended sentence?

Answer 40

jail time would have been warranted, but judge suspended sentence to the community

Question 41

things considered before placing on probation:

Answer 41

nature/seriousness of offence, risk to public safety, personal circumstances

Question 42

examples of intensive supervision probation:

Answer 42

conditional sentence, electronic monitor

Question 43

what is conditional sentence?

Answer 43

rigid probation sentence where violation causes offender return to jail

Question 44

what is PPRU?

Answer 44

predict, prevent, reduce

Question 45

what is "predict"

Answer 45

what factors/info should we use to assess clients

Question 46

what is "prevent"

Answer 46

strategies for society to adopt for social policy

Question 47

what is "reduce"

Answer 47

what areas should correctional workers target in supervision and counselling offenders

Question 48

challenges for corrections

Answer 48

diverse clientele, exclusion/marginalization, ongoing research, myths of corrections, public perception, cost of corrections

Question 49

sci of interaction between ppl in terms of culture and social structure

Answer 49

sociology

Question 50

4 main sociological paradigms

Answer 50

functionalism, conflict theories, symbolic interactionist, feminist

Question 51

critical criminology focuses on:

Answer 51

structures/systemic barriers in and around the CJS

Question 52

refers to institutionalized power related to inequalities of race, class and gender

Answer 52

structuralism

Question 53

critical criminology suggests:

Answer 53

social empowerment, redistribution of social resources, participatory democracy

Question 54

refers to structures and process of inequality among groups in society

Answer 54

social exclusion