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Prelim Flashcards

0
Q

Many shaped nucleus

A

Neutrophils

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1
Q

Refers to the volume of RBC that occupies a given volume of WBC

A

Hematocrit

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2
Q

Study of blood cells

A

Hematology

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3
Q

Liquid portion of the blood

A

Plasma

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4
Q

Reddish protein responsible for the color of RBC

A

Hemoglobin

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5
Q

Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

A

RBC

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6
Q

Means a loss in oxygen-carrying capacity and is often reflected in a reduced RBC count

A

Anemia

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7
Q

Means an increases RBC count reflecting increased body RBC mass, a condition that leads to hyperviscosity

A

Polycythemia

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8
Q

Composition of Drabkin reagent?

A

Potassium cyanide

Potassium ferricyanide

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9
Q

Formulation of ionic surfactant used to reduce environmental cyanide

A

Sodium dodecyl sulfate

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10
Q

Ratio of the volume of RBCs to the whole blood

A

Hematocrit

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11
Q

I packed cell volume

A

Hematocrit

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12
Q

Light colored layer between the RBC and platelets

A

Buffy coat

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13
Q

Reflects RBC diameter on a Wright stain blood film

A

Mean Cell Volume -MCV

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14
Q

Reflects staining intensity or degree of palor

A

Mean cell hemoglobin concentration

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15
Q

Expresses mass of hemoglobin and closely reflects the MCHC

A

Mean Cell hemoglobin MCH

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16
Q

Stained slightly blue gray

A

Reticulocytes

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17
Q

Extreme increase in the WBC counts impart milky appearance

A

Chronic leukemia

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19
Q

Decrease WBC count

A

Leukopenia

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20
Q

Phagocytic cells whose sole purpose is to engulf and destroy bacteria that have been earlier labeled as harmful

A

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils/segmented neutrophils/segs

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21
Q

Increase in segs,often signals bacterial infection

A

Neutrophilia

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22
Q

Indicates bone marrow regeneration during blood loss and certain anemia

A

Reticulocytes

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24
Q

Decrease, caused by long term drug administration or a viral infection

A

Neutropenia

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25
Q

With pink staining granules, S or C shaped nucleus

A

BANDS, band neutrophils

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26
2-um in diameter, round or oval, anucleate, slightly granular.
Platelets
28
Most abundant cell in the body
Macrophages
29
Increase WBC count
Leukocytosis
30
Elevated eosinophil count signals a response to allergy or parasitic infection
Eosinophilia
31
Dark purple, irregular cytoplasmic granules that obscure the nucleus
Basophils
33
A series of cellular and plasma based mechanism that seals wounds, repair vessel walls and maintain vascular patency
Platelets
34
Nearly round, slightly larger than RBC, have round featureless nuclei, a thin rim of nongranular cytoplasm
Lymphocytes
35
Nearly colorless; loosely related grouping of cell families dedicated to protecting their host from infection and injury
White blood cell
36
Bright orange, regular cytoplasmic granules filled with antihistamine
Eosinophils
38
Adhere to the surfaces of damaged blood vessels, secrete proteins and small molecules that trigger thrombosis or clot formation.
Platelets
39
Elevated basophils, hematologic disease
Basophilia
40
complex system of cells that provides fir host immunity
Lymphocytes
41
Abnormally low-long term drug therapy or immunodeficiency
Lymphopenia/lymphocytopenia
42
True blood cells, that maintain blood vessels integrity by instigating vessel wall repairs
Platelets/thrombocytes
43
Immature macrophage passing through the blood
Monocytes
45
Changing from supine to standing or sitting
Increase test values: lipids, enzymes, protein
46
Decrease in the afternoon
Cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone
47
Increase in the afternoon
Iron and eosinophil
48
Used to provide a barrier against venous blood flow to help locate vein
Tourniquets
49
The tourniquets should be applied at? For how long?
2-4 in above the venipuncture site. | Not longer than 1min
50
Inhibits the use if glucose by blood cells. Ex. Sodium fluoride and lithium iodoacetate
Antiglycolytic agent
51
What is the physiologic pH of the blood
7.35-7.45
52
What additives are combined with sodium fluoride to obtain plasma?
Potassium oxalate and potassium EDTA
53
Prevents blood from clotting
Anticoagulant
54
Additive present in red top
Clot activator
55
Serve as separation barrier between the serum/plasma and cells
Separator gel
56
Additive in yellow tube used for blood culture specimen collection
Sodium polyanethol sulfonate
57
Most common needle size and length for adult venipuncture
21gauge: 1inch
58
Intravenous device that consists of a short needle and a thin tube with attached plastic wings
Butterflies
59
Solution used in cleansing venipuncture site when alcohol determination is requested
Benzalkonium chloride
60
Vein of choice for venipuncture
Median cubital vein
61
Recommended angle between the needle and the skin during venipuncture
15-30 degrees
62
Mechanism of action of fibrin as an anticoagulant
Heparin inhibits thrombin
63
Most crucial step for blood collection
Patient identification
64
Ratio of blood to anticoagulant
9:1
65
Most common complication encountered in blood collection
Ecchymosis or bruise
66
Skin puncture site for infants
Lateral surface of the heel
67
Skin puncture sites for older children and adults
Palmar surface of the distal portion of ring or middle finger
68
Required puncture depth
Less than 2mm
69
Refers to error occur without predictions
Random error
70
Progressive decrease or increase
Drift or trend
71
Lack precision
Dispersion
72
On one side of the mean
Shift or abrupt change
73
Start of mesoblasstic phase
19th day of fetal development
74
Chief site of mesoblastic phase
Yolk sac
75
Predominant cell
Primitive erythroblast
76
Predominant cells of hepatic phase
Erythroblast, granulocytes, and monocytes
77
Peak of hepatic phase
3rd month
78
Chief site of hepatic phase
Liver
79
In hepatic phase what are the detectable hemoglobin present?
Hb F, HbA and HbA2
80
Chief site of myeloid phase
Bond marrow red
81
An embryonic tissue that migrate into the core of the bone and differentiate into skeletal and hemapoietic blood cells
Mesenchymal cells
82
Measurable levels of myeloid
EPO, G-CSF, GM-CSF fetal hemoglobin, Hb A2
83
First bone to demonstrate
Clavicle
84
Largest organ in the body
Bone marrow
85
Hematopoietically active bone marrow
Red marrow
86
Provides a supportive network for developing hematopoietic cells, macrophages, mast cells
Reticular cell
87
Process of replacing red marrow by yellow marrow during the development
Retrogression
88
Maintain proliferation and differentiation of blood cells
Hemapoietic microenvironment
89
Site for hematopoiesis if bone marrow shuts down
Liver
90
Largest lymphoid organ
Spleen
91
Cells are phagocytosed with subsequent degradation of cell organelles
Culling
92
Splenic macrophages remove inclusions or damaged surface membrane from circulating RBC
Pitting
93
All blood cells are derived from a single progenitor stem cell called pluripotential stem cell
Monophyletic theory
94
Each of the blood lineages derived from its own unique stem cell
Polyphyletic theory
95
Capable of sel renewal
Stem cell
96
HSCs randomly commits to self renewal or differentiation
Stochastic
97
Microenvironment in the bone marrow determines whether stem cell will self renew or differentiate
Instructive model
98
Cells fate determined by its extrinsic and intrinsic factors
Multilineage priming model
99
Progenitor of neutrophils
GMP
100
Major cytokine for the stimulation of neutrophil production
G-CSF
101
Control hemostasis
Platelets
102
Increase monocytes-hematologic disease
Monocytosis
105
Increase lymphocytes-viral infection
Lymphocytosis
106
Slightly larger diameter than other WBCs, gray cytoplasm, lobulated nuclues
Monocytes
114
Stain used to differentiate and count young RBC, hemoglobin H, and heinz body
Supravital stain/new methylene blue
136
Normal size of RBC
6-8um in diameter

Hematology (7 decks)

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