Prep 6 Flashcards by Ailsa Peters

hyoceine

antimuscarinic (hydro is for nausea, but is antispasmotic for cramps)

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prochlorperazine and metoclopramide

D2 antagonists

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5ht antagonists

odansatron

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cyclizine, promethazine

h2 antagonists

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painless jaundice

pancreatic cancer (often at the head of the pancreas)

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55 year old woman with known gallstones, presents with a 2 day history of jaundice, nausea and rigors. O/E she is pyrexial and is tender in the RUQ

ascending cholangitis (charcot triad - ruq pain, fever, jaundice)

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grapefruit juice and statins

grapefruit is a cytochrome enzyme inhibitor (more statin in the blood can cause rhabdomyolysis and kidney damage)

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plummer vinson

dysphagia and anaemia

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dysphagia without pain

oesophageal web

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gardia and amoeba

> 7 day incubation period
diarrhoea
stool microspoy

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gardiasis treatment

metronidazole

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courcoisiers law

non tender palpable gall bladder in presence of juandice is not likely to be due to gall stones

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Is spironolactone hepatotoxic

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undercooked poultry

salmonella

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ill grandchild

rota virus most common cause of diarrhoea in <3yrs

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bacillis cerus

rice

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appendicitis diagnosis

clinical

if suspicious then surgery needed

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cobble stone mucosa

crohns

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murphys sign

cholecytisis (arrest of inspiration on palpation of RUQ)

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UC treatment

mild to moderate mesalazine

severe IV steroids

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Most common cause of travellers diarrhoea

ETEC

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urea breath test

h pylorie

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thumb printing at splenic flexure

ischaemic colitis

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treatment of campylobacter and salmonella if comorbitity

ciproflaxacin

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C diff infection

``` oral met (non-severe) oral vanc (severe) ```

Short bowel sydnrome

<200cm

Meckels diverticulum rule of 2

2% of population 2 feet from ileocelael valve 2 inches

Cheif cell produce

pepsinogen

how much water is reabosrbed in large and SI

10% in large | 90% in small

treatment of ascites

spironolactone

dimeric antibodie ffound in secretions

IgA

what is zollinger ellison syndrome

high gastrin levels usually due gastrin secreting tumour of pancreas or duodenum (proximal wall common site)

what does psuedomembranous colitis look like and what can it casue

yellow white plaques following abx can lead to toxic megacolon

pseudopolyps

diarrhoea in aids/hiv

crytosporidium

mouth ulcer with spidery web shite pattern

drug induced lichenoid plaque

apthous ulcer lesion

painful greyish ulcer with red halo

mouth cancer lesion

panless rolled ulcer

gastric resection and now unsteady on feet

``` b12 deficiency (loss of pareital IF) peripheral neuropathy ```

gastric resection and now unsteady on feet

``` b12 deficiency (loss of pareital IF) peripheral neuropathy ```

treatment of ascities

spironolactone

thumbprinting of the bowel on AXR

sign of large bowel wall thickening due to inflammation or infection (causes include - IBD, infection, ischaemia)

RUQ pain + elevated liver function test + fever

hepatitis

RUQ pain radiating to shoulder

acute cholecyctisis

Abdominal pain radiating to the back with a hx of gall stones

pancreatits

c.diff diagnosis

CDiff toxin in stool

where does diverticular disease commonly occur and why

between tinea coli where the vessels pierce the muscle to supply the mucosa (rectum lacks tinea so usually spared)

fat soluble vitamins

A D E K

what is given to prevent ecepalopathy in alcoholis

thiamine

difference between ureteric colic and biliary colic

ureteric: loin pain radiating to the groin biliary: jaundice and RUQ

high alk phos is found calssically in what type of jaundice

post hepatic

keyser fleisher rings

wilsons

Investigation for competancy of arteries in legs

ABPI

dusky colon

venous stasis causes increased pressures in the intestinal walls (ischaemia)

why does antibiotic not help ulcer on foot

needs drainage

too painful to do PR exam

examine under anaesthesia

anal fissure

pain and bleeding

who is offered aaa screeening and what are the possible outcomes

men at 65 normal (<3cm) - discharged <5.5: surveillance (3-4.5 annual, 4.5-4.5 3 monthly) >5.5: surgery

colon screening

FOB 50-74 yrs every 2 yrs FAP colonscopies every year and colon removal recommended by 25 lynch/hnpcc: start screening at 25 (or 5 years before age of affected relative) - colonoscopy every 2 yrs strong fh (first degree relative): colonoscopy 35-45

investigating haemarrhoids

inspection pr exam rectoscopy

nutcfacker oesophagus

(peristalsis >180mmHg) | nitrates, nifidepine, sildenafil

Alcohol, gallstones PMH, and epigastric pain

pancreatitis

Woman bilateral lymphoedema, not hot/swollen, chest/rest/abdo exam all normal

pelvic uss

Retired chef for 40 years, leg lymphoedema, dark ankle discolourations

doppler USS

pulsatile mass not expansile in femoral area

femoral hernia (femoral aneurysm would be expansile)

Pancreatic Ca and jaundice investagtion

USS