Prepositions Flashcards

To learn the meaning and how to use prepositions to make complete meaningful sentences. (154 cards)

1
Q

What does the Spanish preposition a mean?

A

Movement to/toward a place, point in time (at), indirect objects.

Example: Voy a la tienda (I am going to the store).

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2
Q

What does the Spanish preposition ante mean?

A

In front of, or in the presence of something physical or abstract.

Example: El perro está ante la casa (The dog is in front of the house).

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3
Q

What does the Spanish preposition bajo mean?

A

Under / beneath literally or figuratively (e.g., under pressure).

Example: El gato está bajo la mesa (The cat is under the table).

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4
Q

What does the Spanish preposition cabe mean?

A

Next to / beside — rarely used today.

Example: La casa cabe la montaña (The house is next to the mountain).

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5
Q

What does the Spanish preposition con mean?

A

With: company, instrument, manner, condition.

Example: Voy con mis amigos (I am going with my friends).

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6
Q

What does the Spanish preposition contra mean?

A

Against: physical contact or opposition.

Example: Luchamos contra el enemigo (We fight against the enemy).

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7
Q

What does the Spanish preposition de mean?

A

Of / from: origin, possession, material, content, topic.

Example: El libro es de Juan (The book is Juan’s).

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8
Q

What does the Spanish preposition desde mean?

A

Starting point in time or space (from/since).

Example: Vivo aquí desde 2010 (I have lived here since 2010).

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9
Q

What does the Spanish preposition durante mean?

A

Duration of time (during a period).

Example: Estudié durante dos horas (I studied for two hours).

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10
Q

What does the Spanish preposition en mean?

A

In / on / at: position, place, time spans, state or condition.

Example: Estoy en casa (I am at home).

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11
Q

What does the Spanish preposition entre mean?

A

Between / among two or more elements.

Example: El libro está entre los otros (The book is among the others).

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12
Q

What does the Spanish preposition hacia mean?

A

Toward direction, or around/about time approximation.

Example: Camino hacia la playa (I walk toward the beach).

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13
Q

What does the Spanish preposition hasta mean?

A

Up to / until a limit in time or space.

Example: Espera hasta mañana (Wait until tomorrow).

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14
Q

What does the Spanish preposition mediante mean?

A

By means of (method, tool, legal/official context).

Example: Se comunicó mediante correo electrónico (He communicated by means of email).

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15
Q

What does the Spanish preposition para mean?

A

For / in order to: purpose, goal, recipient, deadline.

Example: Este regalo es para ti (This gift is for you).

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16
Q

What does the Spanish preposition por mean?

A

For / because of / through / by: cause, means, duration, exchange.

Example: Lo hice por ti (I did it for you).

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17
Q

What does the Spanish preposition según mean?

A

According to someone’s opinion or a rule.

Example: Según el profesor, es correcto (According to the teacher, it is correct).

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18
Q

What does the Spanish preposition sin mean?

A

Without: absence of company, tools, qualities.

Example: Vivo sin miedo (I live without fear).

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19
Q

What does the Spanish preposition sobre mean?

A

On / over (place) or about (subject/topic).

Example: El libro está sobre la mesa (The book is on the table).

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20
Q

What does the Spanish preposition tras mean?

A

After (time) or behind (space).

Example: Llegué tras la tormenta (I arrived after the storm).

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21
Q

What does the Spanish preposition versus mean?

A

Against — mostly in legal or sport contexts.

Example: El partido es equipo A versus equipo B (The match is team A versus team B).

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22
Q

What does the Spanish preposition vía mean?

A

Through / via: method or channel of communication.

Example: Envié el mensaje vía texto (I sent the message via text).

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23
Q

What are Spanish prepositions?

A

Short words or fixed phrases that connect elements of a sentence and show relationships such as location, time, direction, method, cause, possession, etc.

They always appear before their object.

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24
Q

What are the two types of Spanish prepositions?

A
  • Simple: one-word (e.g., a, en, de)
  • Prepositional phrases (locutions): two or more words (e.g., antes de, después de)

Simple prepositions are recognized in contemporary Spanish.

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25
List some **simple prepositions** in Spanish.
* a * ante * bajo * cabe * con * contra * de * desde * durante * en * entre * hacia * hasta * mediante * para * por * según * sin * sobre * tras * versus * vía ## Footnote These prepositions have various meanings and usages.
26
What does the preposition **'a'** indicate?
Movement to/toward a place, point in time (at), indirect objects. ## Footnote Example sentences: 1. Voy **a** la tienda. (I am going to the store.) 2. La reunión es **a** las tres. (The meeting is at three.) 3. Le di el libro **a** Juan. (I gave the book to Juan.)
27
What does the preposition **'de'** indicate?
Of / from: origin, possession, material, content, topic. ## Footnote Example sentences: 1. El libro es **de** María. (The book is Maria's.) 2. Vengo **de** España. (I come from Spain.) 3. La casa **de** mi amigo es grande. (My friend's house is big.)
28
What does the preposition **'con'** indicate?
With: company, instrument, manner, condition. ## Footnote Example sentences: 1. Voy **con** mis amigos. (I am going with my friends.) 2. Escribo **con** un bolígrafo. (I write with a pen.) 3. Ella canta **con** mucha pasión. (She sings with a lot of passion.)
29
What does the preposition **'sin'** indicate?
Without: absence of company, tools, qualities. ## Footnote Example sentences: 1. No puedo vivir **sin** ti. (I can't live without you.) 2. Salí **sin** mi teléfono. (I left without my phone.) 3. La casa está **sin** muebles. (The house is without furniture.)
30
What does the preposition **'para'** indicate?
For / in order to: purpose, goal, recipient, deadline. ## Footnote Example sentences: 1. Este regalo es **para** ti. (This gift is for you.) 2. Estudio **para** aprender. (I study in order to learn.) 3. La tarea es **para** mañana. (The homework is for tomorrow.)
31
What does the prepositional phrase **'antes de'** mean?
Before. ## Footnote Example sentences: 1. Lávate las manos **antes de** comer. (Wash your hands before eating.) 2. Debo terminar el trabajo **antes de** la fecha límite. (I must finish the work before the deadline.) 3. Salí **antes de** que comenzara la lluvia. (I left before the rain started.)
32
What does the prepositional phrase **'después de'** mean?
After. ## Footnote Example sentences: 1. Vamos a cenar **después de** la película. (We will have dinner after the movie.) 2. Haré la tarea **después de** la clase. (I will do the homework after class.) 3. Ella llegó **después de** que me fui. (She arrived after I left.)
33
What does the prepositional phrase **'junto a'** mean?
Next to / beside. ## Footnote Example sentences: 1. La tienda está **junto a** la escuela. (The store is next to the school.) 2. Me siento **junto a** ti. (I sit next to you.) 3. El perro está **junto a** su dueño. (The dog is beside its owner.)
34
What is a **preposition**?
Short words that connect different elements of a sentence and give information about time, place, duration, etc. ## Footnote Examples include: a, ante, bajo, con, de, en, etc.
35
List the **Spanish prepositions**.
* a * ante * bajo * cabe * con * contra * de * desde * durante * en * entre * hacia * hasta * mediante * para * por * según * sin * so * sobre * tras * versus * vía ## Footnote These are called simple prepositions.
36
What are **prepositional phrases**?
Groups of words that work in the same way as a preposition ## Footnote Examples include: después de, cerca de.
37
True or false: Many Spanish prepositions have a singular translation in English.
FALSE ## Footnote They often have different translations based on context.
38
What do **prepositions of place** indicate?
Information about where something is located ## Footnote Examples include: en, por, y vía.
39
What does the preposition **de** express?
The origin or roots of something ## Footnote Example: Mi familia paterna es de Galicia.
40
What does the preposition **desde** indicate?
The starting point of a journey or a reference point ## Footnote Example: Hacer el Camino de Santiago desde Roncesvalles.
41
What does the preposition **a** indicate?
A destination (= to) ## Footnote Example: ¿Este tren va a Santander?
42
What do the prepositions **hacia** and **para** express?
Movement towards somewhere ## Footnote Examples: El barco pesquero avanza hacia mar abierto.
43
What does the preposition **hasta** indicate?
The final stop of a journey or route (= as far as/up to) ## Footnote Example: Camina hasta el semáforo.
44
What does the preposition **en** indicate?
A fixed location with both open and enclosed spaces (= in/on/at) ## Footnote Examples: Ahora vivo en Granada.
45
What does the preposition **por** indicate?
An approximate location or a passage (= around/near or through) ## Footnote Example: Mi casa está por la plaza de la Alfalfa.
46
What does the preposition **vía** mean?
Used in the same way as the English preposition via ## Footnote Example: El tren de Sevilla a Madrid vía Córdoba.
47
What do the prepositions **ante**, **tras**, **bajo**, **sobre**, and **entre** express?
An object’s or person’s position in relation to something else ## Footnote Examples: Tienes las llaves ante tus ojos.
48
What does the prepositional phrase **delante de** mean?
In front of, facing, opposite ## Footnote Example: Tus llaves están delante de tus ojos.
49
What does the prepositional phrase **detrás de** mean?
Behind ## Footnote Example: La caja fuerte está detrás de ese cuadro.
50
What does the prepositional phrase **encima de** mean?
On (top of) ## Footnote Example: Tu abrigo está encima de la cama.
51
What does the prepositional phrase **debajo de** mean?
Under, underneath ## Footnote Example: Mi gato se ha escondido debajo del sofá.
52
What do the cardinal points in Spanish include?
* norte * sur * este * oeste ## Footnote The ordinal points are: noreste, sureste, suroeste, and noroeste.
53
What prepositions are used to indicate the date in Spanish?
* a * de * en ## Footnote Used for days of the month, days of the week, months, and years.
54
What preposition is used to tell the time in Spanish?
a + definite article ## Footnote Example: Tengo clase de yoga a las 6.
55
What does the preposition **desde** indicate?
The starting point of an action that is still ongoing ## Footnote Example: Llevo despierta desde las cinco.
56
What does the preposition **durante** mean?
During ## Footnote Example: Camila nos contó anécdotas de sus vacaciones durante el almuerzo.
57
What does the prepositional phrase **a partir de** mean?
From/as of ## Footnote Example: A partir de 2025 toda la plantilla trabajará desde casa.
58
What does the preposition **a** indicate in terms of manner?
Non-motorised ways of travel and ways of writing ## Footnote Example: Mi tío hace retratos de mascotas a bolígrafo.
59
What does the preposition **con** indicate?
Emotions and tools ## Footnote Example: Corta las espinas de las rosas con las tijeras.
60
What does the preposition **en** indicate in terms of manner?
Motorised modes of transport ## Footnote Example: Hemos dado un paseo precioso por el río en patines.
61
What does the preposition **mediante** mean?
Via/by ## Footnote Example: Tengo que pagar el alquiler mediante transferencia bancaria.
62
What does the preposition **según** mean?
According to ## Footnote Example: Según el libro de instrucciones.
63
What does the preposition **sin** mean?
Without ## Footnote Example: Alfredo y Fátima se plantaron en casa sin avisar.
64
¿Qué es un **pronombre**?
Un pronombre es una palabra que sustituye a un nombre o sustantivo ## Footnote Ejemplo: Según el libro de instrucciones, hay que apretar el botón durante 10 segundos.
65
¿Cómo se usa **sin** en español?
Para significar 'without' ## Footnote Ejemplo: Alfredo y Fátima se plantaron en casa sin avisar.
66
Menciona expresiones comunes con **sin**.
* sin ton ni son * sin venir a cuento ## Footnote Estas expresiones indican situaciones sin sentido o sin razón.
67
¿Qué indica **a pesar de**?
Indica un contraste (= despite/in spite of) ## Footnote Ejemplo: A pesar del mal tiempo, disfrutamos de la ruta.
68
¿Qué significa **gracias a**?
Indica la causa o razón de algo (= thanks to) ## Footnote Ejemplo: Gracias a tu ayuda, he conseguido aprobar el examen.
69
Menciona expresiones comunes con **gracias a**.
* gracias a Dios ## Footnote Esta expresión se utiliza para mostrar gratitud.
70
¿Cuáles son algunos usos de la **preposición de**?
* Expresar origen * Pertenencia y posesión * Material de algo * Materia, contenido o propósito * Razón o causa ## Footnote Ejemplo: Mis hermanas y yo somos de Asturias.
71
¿Qué significa **de** en la expresión 'de juguete'?
Indica que algo es de un material específico o tiene una característica ## Footnote Ejemplo: Este ordenador es de mi hermana.
72
¿Qué indica la preposición **por**?
Indica causa o motivo ## Footnote Ejemplo: Muchas personas mueren en el mundo de tuberculosis.
73
¿Qué indica la preposición **para**?
Indica propósito o destino ## Footnote Ejemplo: Este regalo es para ti.
74
¿Qué verbo siempre toma la preposición **a**?
* acostumbrarse * aprender * ayudar ## Footnote Estos verbos requieren la preposición 'a' para su uso correcto.
75
¿Qué verbo puede tomar diferentes preposiciones según su significado?
* ayudar ## Footnote Ejemplo: Ayudar a alguien / Ayudar con algo.
76
¿Cómo se usa el verbo **escribir** con preposición?
* a (alguien): escribir a alguien * sobre (algo): escribir sobre algo ## Footnote Ejemplo: He escrito a Nuria para que venga a la cena de cumpleaños.
77
¿Qué significa **quedarse** con algo?
Significa mantener o conservar algo ## Footnote Ejemplo: Quiero vender toda mi ropa y no quedarme con nada.
78
¿Qué significa **quejarse de**?
Significa expresar descontento sobre algo ## Footnote Ejemplo: Siempre te quejas de la comida.
79
¿Qué significa **reírse de**?
Significa burlarse o hacer burla de algo o alguien ## Footnote Ejemplo: Fernando no me cae bien; siempre se ríe de mí.
80
Translate into English: **delante de**?
in front of, facing, opposite ## Footnote Tus llaves están delante de tus ojos.
81
Translate into English: **detrás de**?
behind ## Footnote La caja fuerte está detrás de ese cuadro.
82
Translate into English: **encima de**?
on (top of) ## Footnote Tu abrigo está encima de la cama.
83
Translate into English: **debajo de**?
under, underneath ## Footnote Mi gato se ha escondido debajo del sofá.
84
Translate into English: **al lado de**?
next to ## Footnote Han abierto un restaurante libanés al lado de tu casa.
85
Translate into English: **junto**?
next to ## Footnote Junto a mi oficina hacen un café buenísimo.
86
Translate into English: **dentro de**?
in, inside ## Footnote Coge mi móvil, está dentro de mi bolso.
87
Translate into English: **fuera de**?
out, outside ## Footnote Estás sirviendo el agua fuera del vaso.
88
Translate into English: **en medio de**?
in the middle of ## Footnote Carlos vive en una cabaña en medio del bosque.
89
Translate into English: **a lo largo de**?
along ## Footnote Me encanta pasear a lo largo de la playa.
90
Translate into English: **alrededor de**?
around ## Footnote Por las mañanas corro alrededor del parque.
91
Translate into English: **cerca de**?
close to ## Footnote Estoy muy cerca de tu casa, a dos minutos.
92
Translate into English: **lejos de**?
far (away) from ## Footnote Sevilla está bastante lejos de Barcelona.
93
Translate into English: **delante de**?
in front of, facing, opposite ## Footnote Tus llaves están delante de tus ojos.
94
Translate into English: **detrás de**?
behind ## Footnote La caja fuerte está detrás de ese cuadro.
95
Translate into English: **encima de**?
on (top of) ## Footnote Tu abrigo está encima de la cama.
96
Translate into English: **debajo de**?
under, underneath ## Footnote Mi gato se ha escondido debajo del sofá.
97
Translate into English: **al lado de**?
next to ## Footnote Han abierto un restaurante libanés al lado de tu casa.
98
Translate into English: **junto**?
next to ## Footnote Junto a mi oficina hacen un café buenísimo.
99
Translate into English: **dentro de**?
in, inside ## Footnote Coge mi móvil, está dentro de mi bolso.
100
Translate into English: **fuera de**?
out, outside ## Footnote Estás sirviendo el agua fuera del vaso.
101
Translate into English: **en medio de**?
in the middle of ## Footnote Carlos vive en una cabaña en medio del bosque.
102
Translate into English: **a lo largo de**?
along ## Footnote Me encanta pasear a lo largo de la playa.
103
Translate into English: **alrededor de**?
around ## Footnote Por las mañanas corro alrededor del parque.
104
Translate into English: **cerca de**?
close to ## Footnote Estoy muy cerca de tu casa, a dos minutos.
105
Translate into English: **lejos de**?
far (away) from ## Footnote Sevilla está bastante lejos de Barcelona.
106
What are the **Spanish cardinal points**?
* norte * sur * este * oeste ## Footnote These points are used to indicate directions.
107
What are the **Spanish ordinal points**?
* noreste * sureste * suroeste * noroeste ## Footnote Ordinal points indicate intermediate directions.
108
Use **al … de …** to indicate one location in relation to another. Provide an example.
Me he mudado a un piso al sur del barrio del Pelícano ## Footnote I've moved to an apartment south of the Pelican neighborhood This structure is used to express direction relative to another location.
109
Use **en el … (de …)** to express a fixed position. Provide an example.
Me he mudado a un piso en el norte del barrio de la Alfalfa ## Footnote This structure indicates a specific location. I've moved to an apartment in the north of the Alfalfa neighborhood
110
Use **de … a …** (without articles) to express the start and end of a journey. Provide an example.
El río Guadalquivir cruza Sevilla de norte a sur ## Footnote This structure shows the direction of travel without definite articles. The Guadalquivir River crosses Seville from north to south
111
Use **desde el … hasta el …** to express the start and end of a journey with articles. Provide an example.
La empresa vende sus productos en todo el país, desde el norte hasta el sur ## Footnote This structure indicates a range of travel with definite articles. The company sells its products throughout the country, from north to south.
112
Use **al …** or **hacia el …** to indicate a direction. Provide an example.
La línea 43 de autobús va al/hacia el norte de la ciudad ## Footnote Bus line 43 goes to/to the north of the city This structure is used to express direction towards a specific point.
113
What does the verb **agobiar** mean when used with the preposition **a**?
overwhelm (someone) ## Footnote Example: El profesor de química está agobiando a todos sus alumnos con los exámenes finales.
114
What does the verb **agobiarse** mean when used with the prepositions **con/por**?
be overwhelmed by (something) ## Footnote Example: Luis se agobia por tonterías.
115
What does the verb **alegrarse** mean when used with the preposition **de**?
be happy (+ clause) ## Footnote Example: Me he alegrado mucho de verte.
116
What does the verb **alegrarse** mean when used with the preposition **por**?
be happy about (something) / be happy for (someone) ## Footnote Example: Me alegro mucho por vosotros.
117
What does the verb **ayudar** mean when used with the preposition **a**?
help (someone/to do something) ## Footnote Example: ¿Te ayudo a hacer los deberes?
118
What does the verb **ayudar** mean when used with the preposition **con**?
help with (something) ## Footnote Example: ¿Te ayudo con los deberes?
119
What does the verb **debatir/discutir** mean when used with the preposition **con**?
debate/argue with (someone) ## Footnote Example: La policía lleva horas discutiendo con los vecinos. The police have been arguing with the neighbors for hours.
120
What does the verb **debatir/discutir** mean when used with the preposition **sobre**?
discuss/debate/argue about (something) ## Footnote Example: Estamos debatiendo sobre la utilidad de reciclar. We are debating the usefulness of recycling.
121
What does the verb **enfadarse** mean when used with the preposition **con**?
get annoyed with (someone) ## Footnote Example: Mi hermano se ha enfadado conmigo porque he cogido su bici. My brother got angry with me because I took his bike.
122
What does the verb **enfadarse** mean when used with the preposition **por**?
be annoyed by (something) ## Footnote Example: Me hermano se ha enfadado conmigo por coger sus cosas. My brother got angry with me for taking his things.
123
What does the verb **escribir** mean when used with the preposition **a**?
write to (someone) ## Footnote Example: He escrito a Nuria para que venga a la cena de cumpleaños.
124
What does the verb **escribir** mean when used with the preposition **sobre**?
write about (something) ## Footnote Example: Mi hermana ha escrito su tesis doctoral sobre Bob Dylan.
125
What does the verb **hablar/conversar** mean when used with the preposition **con**?
talk to (someone) ## Footnote Example: Me encanta hablar con la gente cuando viajo en tren.
126
What does the verb **hablar/conversar** mean when used with the prepositions **de/sobre**?
talk about (something) ## Footnote Example: Contigo se puede hablar sobre cualquier cosa. I can talk to you about any thing.
127
What does the verb **informar** mean when used with the preposition **a**?
inform (someone) ## Footnote Example: La agente de policía informó a los vecinos de la situación.
128
What does the verb **informar** mean when used with the prepositions **de/sobre**?
inform (someone of/about something) ## Footnote Example: La agente de policía informó a los vecinos de la situación.
129
What does the verb **jugar** mean when used with the preposition **a**?
play (something) ## Footnote Example: Me encanta jugar a las cartas.
130
What does the verb **jugar** mean when used with the preposition **con**?
play with (something/someone) ## Footnote Example: Siempre juego con mi prima a las cartas.
131
What does the verb **preocupar** mean when used with the preposition **a**?
worry (someone) ## Footnote Example: La subida de los alquileres preocupa a las familias más humildes. Rising rents are a concern for low-income families.
132
What does the verb **preocuparse** mean when used with the preposition **por**?
worry about (something) ## Footnote Example: Las familias más humildes se preocupan por la subida de los alquileres.
133
What does the verb **quedar** mean when used with the preposition **con**?
meet up with (someone) ## Footnote Example: Es imposible quedar contigo, siempre tienes planes.
134
What does the verb **quedar** mean when used with the preposition **en**?
arrange to (do something) ## Footnote Example: Ricardo ha quedado en recogerme en la estación. Robert is supposed to pick me up in the station.
135
What does the verb **quedarse** mean when used with the preposition **con**?
keep (something) ## Footnote Example: Quiero vender toda mi ropa y no quedarme con nada.
136
What does the verb **quedarse** mean when used with the preposition **en**?
stay (somewhere) ## Footnote Example: En Roma nos quedamos en un hostal a las afueras.
137
What does the verb **quejarse** mean when used with the preposition **a/ante**?
complain to (someone) ## Footnote Example: Lo mejor es quejarse ante el encargado de la tienda.
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What does the verb **quejarse** mean when used with the preposition **de**?
complain about (something) ## Footnote Example: Siempre te quejas de la comida.
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What does the verb **reírse** mean when used with the preposition **con**?
laugh at (something/someone) ## Footnote Example: El público no paró de reírse con los chistes de la monologuista. The audience couldn't stop laughing at the comedian's jokes.
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What does the verb **reírse** mean when used with the preposition **de**?
make fun of (something/someone) ## Footnote Example: Fernando no me cae bien; siempre se ríe de mí.
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What does the verb **salir** mean when used with the preposition **con**?
date (someone) ## Footnote Example: Samuel está saliendo con Silvia, ¿lo sabías?
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What does the verb **salir** mean when used with the preposition **de**?
leave (a place) ## Footnote Example: Ayer salí de la oficina pasadas las diez de la noche.
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What does the verb **venir** mean when used with the preposition **a**?
come to (a place) ## Footnote Example: Ven a casa a cenar esta noche, si te apetece.
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What does the verb **venir** mean when used with the preposition **de**?
come from (a place/an activity) ## Footnote Example: Venimos de Almería, ¡qué playas tan bonitas!
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What does **desde** mean in English?
since (a specific point in time) ## Footnote Example: Vivo aquí desde 2010. → I have lived here since 2010.
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How is **desde** used in a sentence?
Vivo aquí desde 2010. ## Footnote This indicates the exact moment when the action started.
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What does **desde hace** mean in English?
for (duration, how long something has been happening) ## Footnote Example: Trabajo aquí desde hace cinco años. → I have been working here for five years.
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How is **desde hace** used in a sentence?
Trabajo aquí desde hace cinco años. ## Footnote This indicates that the action started in the past and continues up to now.
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What does **hace** mean in English?
... ago (when something happened in the past) ## Footnote Example: Me mudé aquí hace tres años. → I moved here three years ago.
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How is **hace** used in a sentence?
Me mudé aquí hace tres años. ## Footnote This indicates that the action occurred a certain time ago.
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What does **hace … que …** mean in English?
It’s been … (since) … / … (for) … + present tense ## Footnote Example: Hace dos años que estudio español. → I have been studying Spanish for two years.
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How is **hace … que …** used in a sentence?
Hace dos años que estudio español. ## Footnote This expresses ongoing actions that started in the past.
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What does **desde que …** mean in English?
since … (that) … ## Footnote Example: Desde que te vi, supe que eras especial. → Since I saw you, I knew you were special.
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How is **desde que …** used in a sentence?
Desde que te vi, supe que eras especial. ## Footnote This introduces a clause indicating the starting point of an event or action.