Primer Flashcards
(128 cards)
1
Q
Cafe-au-lait spots, hypogonadism, multiple NOF, CV Abn
A
Jaffe-Campanacci syndrom
2
Q
MC loc of ossifying fibroma
A
Ant Tib diaphysis
3
Q
Ossifying fibroma vs adamantinoma age?
A
OF in young <10
Adamantinoma 10-30
4
Q
Staging system of MM
A
Durie and Salmon Plus system
5
Q
MC joint with PVNS
A
Knee
6
Q
Angiosarcoma in patient with history of radical mastectomy
A
Stewart-Treves syndrome
7
Q
MC cause of primary HPT
A
Adenoma
8
Q
MC cause of secondary HPT
A
Renal failure
9
Q
MC loc of brown tumors
A
Pelvis, mandible and femur
10
Q
Chondrocalcinosis, ST Vascular Ca and Rugger jersey is primary or secondary HPT
A
Chondrocalcinosis - Primary
ST and Rugger jersey - Secondary
11
Q
Paget disease tumors ass’d (Face and body)
A
Face - GCT
Elsewhere - Osteosarcoma
12
Q
Familial MEN type 2a is AKA
A
Sipples syndrome
13
Q
SLE looks like what other condition radiographically
A
Jaccoud arthropathy
14
Q
Type of Xray radiation that does not cause ionization
A
Coherent scatter/Thompson
15
Q
Increasing KvP will increase or decrease compton effect
A
Increases compton
16
Q
What is the quality of Xrays measured by
A
Half-value layers
17
Q
Is there a patient dose with compton scatter
A
no
18
Q
2 developer reducing agents
A
Hydroquinone and phenidone
19
Q
2 restrainers in the developer
A
Potassium bromide/iodide
20
Q
Fixing agent
A
Ammonium thiosulfate
21
Q
Key factor in Xray optical density
A
mAs
22
Q
Esophageal webs are seen with what 2 conditions
A
Plummer vinson and hypopharyngeal carcinoma
23
Q
Ass’d with hiatal hernia
A
Esophagitis and duodenal ulcer
24
Q
What portion of the esophagus is affected in scleroderma
A
Distal 2/3
25
Chaga dz affects which organs
Esophagus, colon, heart and CNS
26
Malignancy/NSAID use have ulcers on what aspect of the stomach
Greater cervature
27
Giant hypertrophic gastritis is AKA
Menetrier dz
28
Rad findings in ZES
Multiple ulcers, thickened folds seen postbulbar
29
2 types of adenomatous polyps are
Cillous and hamartomatous
30
3rd MC GI malignancy is
Gastric carcinoma
31
Gastric CA likes to mets to the
Liver
32
Gastric volvulus with obstruction/ischemia is
Mesenteroaxial (SAX to the organ)
33
Major papilla is AKA
Vater
34
Minor papilla is AKA
Santorini
35
Where are ulcers more common stomach or duodenum
Duodenum
36
Healed ulcer is seen as what shape
Cloverleaf or hourglass
37
Duodenal tumors are more benign or malignant
Benign
38
2 MC duodenal tumors
Lipoma and leiomyoma
39
MC malignant duodenal tumor
adenocarcinoma
40
Key small bowel feature in scleroderma
Hypomobile, dilated loop of bowel
41
Loc of pseudosacculations are found on the
Antimesenteric border
42
MC location of carcinoid tumors in the GI
Appendix
43
MC loc of adenomatous polyps
Rectum/sigmoid
44
MC intestinal polyposis syndrome
FAP
45
What layer of the GI is involved with cobblestone appearance
Submucosal
46
What is creeping fat
Excessive fat deposition around the serosal surface in Crohn disease
47
Crohns vs UC has pseudopolyps
UC
48
Crohns vs UC has fistula
Crohns
49
behcet mimics; Crohns vs UC
Crohns
50
Typhilitis loc and population
Leukemics with therapy, likes the cecum, terminal ileum
51
MC cause of pseudomembranous colitis and what GI follow-through sign would be seen
Clostridial difficile and Accordian sign (Barium between thickened folds)
52
What % of appendocoliths are calcified for XR
10%
53
Cause of ischemic bowel disease in SMA and IMA
SMA - occlusive and IMA - Nonocclusive
54
MC loc of volvulus
Sigmoid
55
MC cause of toxic megacolon
UC
56
% of patients with cirrhosis get HCC
90%
57
How many HU higher is the liver than the spleen (Normally)
10 HU - Liver is 55-65
58
Complication of primary hemochromatosis
HCC
59
Do liver hemangiomas change in size
Yes - pregnancy, birthcontrol pills
60
Central scar T2 SI in FNH and fibrolamellar HCC
FNH - Bright T2
| HCC - Low T2
61
Mirrizzi syndrome
Cystic duct stone that obstructs the common hepatic duct
62
MC cause of acute colangitis
E. Coli
63
Cholesterosis is AKA what in the gallbladder
Strawberry gallbladder
64
UC vs Crohns asso'd with GB CA
UC (also cholangiocarcinoma)
65
Phlegmon vs Abscess
A phlegmon is unbounded and can keep spreading out along connective tissue and muscle fiber. An abscess is walled in and confined to the area of infection.
66
Beckwith-Wiedmann syndrome is ass'd with
Pancreatoblastoma
67
MC functional Islet cell tumor
Insulinoma
68
Mets to pancreas is from
RCC (MC), lung
69
Polysplenia is ass'd with
Left sided liver, absent GB, cardiac AbN
70
MC cause of splenic infarct
Bacterial endocarditis
71
What is Ram's horn sign
Blunting of antral fornices with progressive tapering from antrum to pyloris
72
MC ass'd with horseshoe kidney
Ureteropelvic junction obstruction
73
Calcifications in the renal cyst are b9 or malignant
usually b9
74
Def parapelvic and what is an abscess from anteriorly and posteriorly
From renal parenchyma, expands into the renal sinus. Abscess from pancreatitis (ant) and osteomyelitis (post)
75
Def Peripelvic cyst and what is an abscess from
From sinus structures, likely lymphatic in origin. Abscess from renal inflammatory disease
76
Def Perinephric cyst
Beneath the renal capsule (can contain a urinoma)
77
Def Medullary Cystic Kidney Dz
Small kidneys, multiple cysts in the medulla, no calcifications, no cortical cysts
78
MC form of cystic kidney dz
Adult (AD) PKD
79
Does ADPKD have cyst wall Ca
Yes, commonly
80
MC subtype of RCC
Clear cell (seen in VHL pts, bilaterally)
81
DDx for enhancing renal lesions on MR
RCC, oncocytoma and AML
82
AML: Content, association and Calcification present(/)
fat, smooth muscles and blood vessels
Tuberous sclerosis
No Calcification
83
MC benign and malignant renal pelvis tumor
Papilloma and TCC
84
Corkscrew Ureter is typically used to describe what
TB strictural ureter
85
MC renal fungal infection
Candidiasis
86
MC composition of renal calculi
Calcium calculi
87
Staghorn calculi is made of what commonly
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate
88
3 causes of medullary calcinosis
HPT, renal tubular acidosis and medullary sponge kidney
89
What is the Whitaker test for
Pressure flow study for ureteral obstruction or resistance in upper urinary tract
90
Cobrahead appearance is with what condition
Ureterocele
91
MC cause of urethral stricture in males
Gonococcal (MC in bulbopenile urethra)
92
What is Ormund dz
Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis
93
90% of retroperitoneal tumors are b9 or malignant
Malignant
94
MC loc of extraadrenal pheochromocytoma
Organ of Zuckerkandl (proximal to the aortic bifurcation)
95
Adrenal hemorrhages are more common in neonate or adult
Neonate
96
Hyperaldosteronism is AKA and D/t
Conn disease and 75% adenoma, 25% hyperplasia
97
Prostate CA on T2
Low T2 SI with normal high T2 SI surrounding. Found in the posterior aspect
98
Ass'd with seminal vesicle cyst
Renal agenesis
99
MC side of varicocele
Left (90%)
100
MC cause of swollen testicle
Hydrocele
101
Loc of scrotal pearl
Ca loose body b/w tunica vaginalis membrane
102
MC testicular CA in young vs old
Germ cell (Seminoma) and lymphoma
103
What is the precursor to endometrial carcinoma
Endometrial hyperplasia
104
name of the cyst when a mature follicle fails to involute
Follicular cyst
105
Embryonic remnants of the broad lig forms what cyst
parovarian cyst
106
Polycystic ovarian Dz is AKA
Stein-leventhal syndrome
107
Cell type of ovarian cancer
Serous>Mucinous
108
Rokitansky nodules
Raised protuberance of hair, bone, teeth
109
MC ovarian tumor in young women
Dermoid
110
HU of the IVD
60-120
111
HU of the thecal sac
0-30
112
HU of the brain
40-50
113
MC area of HTN hemorrhage
basal ganglia (Perforating arteries)
114
Conditions that increase the incidence of aneurysm
Adult PKD, COA, collagen vascular disorders
115
Size of a giant aneurysm
>25 mm
116
Capillary telangiectasia (MC loc, MR/CT)
Pons, CT is usually normal, MR shows increased contrast, low T2 with hemorrhage and it has normal brain matter interposed
117
Def lacunar infarct
Ischemia/infarction d/t small vessel occlusion - 25%
118
When does maximum edema occur following ischemia
3-5 days
119
MC loc of lacunar infarct
Thalamus, caudate, putamen, internal capsule
120
% of extradural hemorrage with a fx and imaging findings
95%, typically foun in the temporoparietal area
121
What tears in subdural hemorrhage?
Bridging veins (seen in infants from abuse)
122
Def subdural hygroma
CSF in subdural space after trauma to arachnoid layer
123
Occular bruit can be heard from a
carotid-cavernous sinus fistula
124
Brain tumor frequency in adults
Mets>hemangioblastoma>astro>lymph
125
Brain tumor frequency in kids
Astro>Medulloblastoma>Ependymoma
126
What type of edema spares the cortex/gray matter
Vasogenic
127
3 MC types of astrocytomas
GBM - 55% (grade 4)
Anaplastic - 30% (grade 3)
Low grade - 20% (grade 1/2)
128
Age/loc/rad of oligodendroglioma
30-50 YO
Cerebral cortex - Frontal lobe
Cystic with hemorrhage and calcifications
