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Medical Terminology BSMSA > Principle Systems Pt. 3 (Urinary And Reproductive) > Flashcards

Principle Systems Pt. 3 (Urinary And Reproductive) Flashcards

(97 cards)

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1
Q

Viscera

A

Internal organs

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2
Q

Nephr/o

Ren/o

A

Kidneys

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3
Q

Ureter/o

A

Ureters

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4
Q

Cyst/o

A

Urinary bladder

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5
Q

Urethr/o

A

Urethra

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6
Q

Renal cortex

A

Outer part of a kidney

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7
Q

Renal medulla

A

Inner portion of a kidney

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8
Q

Renal pelvis

A

Top part of the ureter into which the kidney tubules (part of a nephron) drain

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9
Q

Digestive system eliminates…

A

Solid waste

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10
Q

Respiratory system eliminates…

A

Carbon dioxide

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11
Q

The skin eliminates…

A

Heat and salts

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12
Q

The urinary system eliminates…

A

Water, toxins and salts

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13
Q

Glomerulus

A

Part of a nephron. Contains capillary blood vessels which filter liquid from the blood

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14
Q

Urine

A

Excreted from the kidneys, this liquid contains 95% water and 5% solids (i.e. Urea and uric acid)

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15
Q

What is urine propelled through the body by?

A

Peristaltic contractions of the walls of the ureters, through the urinary bladder and out through the urethra

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16
Q

Haemodialysis

A

Filtering blood through a machine due to the kidneys being unable to function

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17
Q

Renal failure

A

Decrease or cessation of glomerular filtration within the kidney. Renal failure causes oedema (excessive fluid build up) and acidosis (abnormal increase in the acidity of bodily fluids). Can be acute or chronic.

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18
Q

Function of the two ureters?

A

Prevent backflow of urine as pressure builds in the bladder

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19
Q

Afferent blood vessel

A

Narrow vessel from the glomerulus

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20
Q

AGN

A

Acute glomerulonephritis

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21
Q

Calyces

A

Cup shaped divisions of the renal pelvis (singular calyx)

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22
Q

Catheter

A

A tube for introducing or withdrawing fluid from the body

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23
Q

Cystoptosis

A

Displacement/ prolapse of the bladder

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24
Q

Diuresis

A

Increase in the production of urine

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25
Efferent blood vessel
Wider vessel from the glomerulus
26
GFR
Glomerulus filtration rate
27
Hydronephrosis
Backlog of urine causing pressure and damaging the kidneys
28
Incontinence
Lack of voluntary control of urine discharge
29
IVP
Intravenous pyelogram
30
KUB
Kidneys, ureters, bladder
31
Micturition
Expelling of urine
32
Oliguria
Scanty production of urine
33
Papilloma
Tumour of the bladder lining
34
Pyelonephritis
Inflammation of the renal pelvis of the kidney
35
RGP
Retrograde pyelogram
36
Urethrostenosis
Narrowing of the urethra
37
Voiding
Bodily process of discharging urine
38
Gonads
Testes/ovaries
39
Gametes
Ova/ sperm
40
Function of ovaries
To produce egg cells (ova/ ovum/ oocytes)
41
Oogenesis
Formation of eggs
42
Oogenesis
Formation of eggs
43
The 3 layers of uterus muscle
Perimetrium (outer), myometrium (middle), endometrium (inner)
44
Cervix
Lower part of the uterus
45
4 external genitalia of the female reproductive system
Mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, perineum
46
What are the 3 accessory sex glands of the female reproductive system?
Vagina, Vulva (pudendum), external genitalia
47
Lactation
Production of milk by the mammary glands
48
Area surrounding the nipple
Areola
49
The 4 phases of the menstrual cycle
Proliferative, ovulation, secretory, menses
50
FSH
Follicle stimulating hormone
51
Function of FSH
Stimulates an immature (graafian) follicle in the ovary to mature and ripen, releasing an ovum ready for fertilisation
52
Function of oestrogen
Produced by the FSH-stimulated follicle, and stimulates rapid growth in the lining of the uterus
53
Menarche
Beginning of periods
54
Climacteric
Menopause
55
LH
Luteinising hormone
56
Function of luteinising hormone?
Stimulates the follicle to develop into a Corpeus Luteum (yellow body) which then secretes the hormone progesterone
57
Secretory phase of menstruation
Glands secrete a watery substance that aids the spermatozoa to reach the fallopian tubes and fertilise the ovum
58
What stops being produced at menses, causing the lining of the uterus to shed?
Progesterone
59
Amenorrhoea
Absence of menstruation
60
Dysmenorrhoea
Painful menstruation
61
Endometriosis
Endometrial tissue in an abnormal location
62
Fibroadenoma
A common tumour of the breast
63
Menorrhagia
Abnormal, heavy or prolonged menstruation
64
Oophorectomy
Surgical removal of the ovaries
65
Ovarian cysts
Fluid-containing tumours of the ovaries
66
Salpingectomy
Surgical removal of a fallopian tube
67
Vulvovaginitis
Inflammation of the vagina and vulva
68
CIN-1-IV
Cervical intraepithelial neoplasm Grade 1 intravenously (Grade 0-1 low grade Grade 2-4 high grade)
69
PAP test
Cervical smear test
70
Semin/o
Semen
71
Spermatogenesis
Production of spermatozoa
72
Scrotum
Encases the testes
73
Seminal vesicles
Produce a fluid which becomes the liquid part of semen
74
Prostate gland
Produces enzymes and fluids used in semen
75
Prepuce
Foreskin
76
Balanitis
Inflammation of the (glans) head of the penis
77
Circumcision
Surgical removal of the foreskin or prepuce
78
Epididymitis
Inflammation of the epididymis
79
Epispadias
Displaced urethral opening- upper side of the penis
80
Genitourinary
Urinary and male reproductive system
81
Gynaecomastia
Enlargement of the male breast
82
Hydrocele
Water filled sac
83
Hypospadias
Displaced urethral opening- underside of penis
84
Orchitis
Inflammation of a testicle
85
Orchidopexy
Fixing of an undescended testicle
86
Paraphimosis
Foreskin becomes trapped behind the glans penis
87
Peyronie's Disease
Scar tissue along the length of the penis causing it to bend
88
Phallitis
Inflammation of the penis
89
Prostatism
Describes urinary difficulties caused by enlarged prostate
90
PSA
Prostate specific antigen
91
Testicular cancer
More associated with males who have a history of late or undescended testes
92
TURP
Transurethral resection of the prostate
93
Urethral stricture
Narrowing or blockage of the urethra
94
Urethritis
Inflammation of the urethra
95
Varicocele
Dilatation of veins around the testis and vas deferens
96
Vasectomy
Surgical cutting of the vas deferens
97
Venereology
Study of sexually transmitted diseases

Medical Terminology BSMSA (45 decks)

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