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Anatomy everything > Principles - Anatomy 09 - Reproductive System > Flashcards

Principles - Anatomy 09 - Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

The male gamete is called…

A

Spermatozoa

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2
Q

The female gamete is called…

A

Oocyte/Ovum

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3
Q

What is the exact point of fertilisation in most cases?

A

Ampulla of the uterine tube

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4
Q

Reproductive organs are found within…

A

Pelvic cavity

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5
Q

The pelvic inlet follows which bones?

A

Sacrum, ileum, pubic bone

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6
Q

The pelvic outlet follows which bones?

A

Coccyx & isheum

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7
Q

What is the pelvic roof called?

A

Peritoneum

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8
Q

Where is the location of the parietal peritoneum?

A

Lines abdominal cavity then drapes over pelvic viscera

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9
Q

What are the pouches of the pelvic roof called in females?

A

vesico-uterine pouch and recouterine pouch (pouch of Douglas)

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10
Q

In the female dissected pelvis, where would the rectum, bladder and uterus lie?

A

Top to bottom: rectum, uterus, bladder

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11
Q

Name the female orifices of the perineum from front to back.

A

External urethral orifice, vaginal orifice, anus

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12
Q

What are the female reproductive organs?

A

Ovaries only

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13
Q

What are the 3 layers of the uterus?

A

Perimetrium, Myometrium, Endometrium

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14
Q

Which layer of the uterus sheds during the monthly cycle?

A

Endometrium

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15
Q

What is the opening of the uterine tube into the peritoneal cavity called?

A

Fimbriae of uterine tube

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16
Q

What is the narrow section of the uterine tube approaching the uterus called?

A

Isthmus

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17
Q

Ovum is gathered by fimbriae into … of uterine tube

A

infundibulum

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18
Q

What is meant by an ectopic pregnancy?

A

Fertilised egg implants outwith uterus

19
Q

What is the most common type of ectopic pregnancy?

A

Tubul pregnancy

20
Q

When a fertilised ovum implants onto one of the abdominal organs, this is called…

A

Abdominal pregnancy

21
Q

What is peritonitis?

A

Spread of infection (usually STI) into the peritoneal cavity

22
Q

What occurs during female sterilisation?

A

Tubal ligation

23
Q

How many tubal ligation occur?

A

Clip, cut or cauterise tubes

24
Q

Explain how STI’s can cause infertility.

A

Can block the uterine tubes

25
Q

Why is the pouch of Douglas clinically important?

A

Fluid from the abdominal cavity can build up here (blood, pus etc.)

26
Q

In the anatomical position, the penis is…

A

erect

27
Q

The side of the penis which is closest to the anus is described as…

A

anterior

28
Q

Explain how the testes develop.

A

Originate on the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity and descend into the scrotum through the iguinal canal in the anterior abdominal wall.

29
Q

What is the role of the vas deferens?

A

Transports sperm from the testis to the scrotum, almost connecting to the urethra

30
Q

Where exactly are sperm cells produced?

A

Seminiferous tubules of the testes

31
Q

Which muscle carefully controls temperature in the testes?

A

Dartos muscle

32
Q

Explain the passage of sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the vas deferens

A

Seminiferous tubules –> rete testis –> head of epididymis –> tail of epididymis –> vas deferens

33
Q

What features does the spermatic cord contain?

A

Vas deferens, testicular artery, pampiniform plexus of veins

34
Q

Explain what is meant by testicular torsion.

A

Spermatic cord becomes twisted, resulting in reduced blood flow to the testes and extreme pain. May result in necrosis of testes

35
Q

What is the role of the seminal glands?

A

To produce seminal fluid

36
Q

What passes through the protestatic urethra?

A

Urine from the bladder and semen

37
Q

What is the middle of the penis called?

A

Body of the penis

38
Q

What is the tip of the penis called?

A

Glans

39
Q

What is the hole in the penis called?

A

External urethral orifice

40
Q

The male reproductive organs are…

A

Testes only

41
Q

What are the male accessory reproductive organs?

A

Vas deferens, seminal glands, prostate gland and penis

42
Q

Explain how sperm get from the testes to the urethra.

A

Pass via vas deferens in a spermatic cord through the iguinal canal in the anterior abdominal wall then re-enters the pelvic cavity behind the bladder. Each vas deferens combines with a seminal gland which produces seminal fluid then ejaculatory glands before draining into the urethra.

43
Q

Which operation is carried out to achieve male sterilisation?

A

Vasectomy

44
Q

What occurs during vasectomy?

A

Vas deferens transected & its lumen sutured closed

Anatomy everything (24 decks)

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