Proton and Sodium-potassium pumps Flashcards Preview

AP Biology 2014 > Proton and Sodium-potassium pumps > Flashcards

Flashcards in Proton and Sodium-potassium pumps Deck (10)
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1
Q

Active Transport

A

The mode of transportation that allows a cell to pump a solute against its concentration gradient; this movement mechanism allows a cell to maintain its own inner concentration from its surrounding environment. This mode requires ATP.

2
Q

Sodium-Potassium Pump

A

A transport protein that uses ATP to maintain the balance of Na+ outside the cell and the balance of K+inside the cell.

3
Q

Proton Pump

A

this pump use energy to transport protons from the matrix into the inter membrane space. Thus, it forms a concentration gradient between the outside and inside of the matrix.

4
Q

Concentration Gradient

A

this concept results with the uneven distribution of ions across the cell membrane.

5
Q

Electrogenic Pump

A

An ion pump that creates a flow of charges; also, it creates a charge imbalance.

*hint: another type of pump is categorized similarly; thinking transportation of ions only.

6
Q

Transport Protein

A

This protein helps move molecules in and out of the cell with help of ATP.

7
Q

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

A

The energy of life; this molecule powers many metabolic processes in the cell and helps transport protein moves molecule in and out of the cell.

8
Q

What is a proton pump’s role in producing ATP?

A

After amassing a large quantity of H+ outside the cell, the hydrogen travels through the an enzyme ATP synthase and combined with the ADP molecule to form ATP. This results in chemiosmosis.

9
Q

Why are proton and sodium-potassium pumps necessary for a cell to have?

A

Because the cell membrane has a phospholipid bilayer, only small, uncharged, polar molecules and hydrophobic molecules can cross the membrane. All large polar molecules and ions cannot diffuse inside.

10
Q

Electrochemical Potential

A

This molecular process helps store energy in the cell as potential energy and helps molecules diffuse through the membrane.