Protozoans

Question 1

Known for its ameboid characteristics, equipped with the ability to extend their cytoplasm in the form of pseudopods (often referred to as false feet), which allows them move within their environment.

Answer 1

Amoeba

Question 2

They represent the important amoeba in humans. (3)

Answer 2

Entamoeba, Naegleria, and Acanthamoeba

Question 3

6 species of the genus Entamoeba are capable of infecting man.

Answer 3

1. Entamoeba coli
2. Entamoeba hartmanni
3. Entamoeba dispar
4. Entamoeba moshkovskii
5. Entamoeba gingivalis
6. Entamoeba hystolitica

Question 4

Entamoeba that is only pathogenic.

Answer 4

Entamoeba hystolitica

Question 5

Entamoeba that is a zoonotic protozoan of pigs and monkey.

Answer 5

Entamoeba polecki

Question 6

It is known to be commensals in humans.

Answer 6

Entamoeba polecki

Question 7

Infections are asymptomatic and seldomly cause diarrhea.

Answer 7

E.polecki

Question 8

These are free living protozoans found mainly in fresh water.

Answer 8

Naegleria and Acanthamoeba

Question 9

Characteristically delicate and fragile and, because of their ability to produce and use pseudopods, motile.

Answer 9

Trophozoite

Question 10

The morphologic conversion from the cyst form into the trophozoite form, occurs in the ileocecal area of the intestine.

Answer 10

Excystation

Question 11

It only occurs in the trophozoite stage.

Answer 11

Replication — Trophozoite

Question 12

The nonfeeding stage characterized by a thick protective cell wall designed to protect the parasite from the harsh outside environment when deemed necessary.

Answer 12

Cysts

Question 13

The conversion of trophozoites to cysts, a process known as?

Answer 13

Encystation

Question 14

It is frequently affecting invertebrate and vertebrate organisms.

Answer 14

Genus Entamoeba

Question 15

Characterized by vesicular nucleus with a comparatively small karyosome located at or near its center and with varying characteristics of the peripheral chromatin attached to the nuclear membrane.

Answer 15

Genus Entamoeba

Question 16

It is considered to be the “small race” of E. histolytica because of its size.

Answer 16

E.hartmanni

Question 17

They are morphologically similar and can only be differentiated by isoenzyme analysis, restriction fragment length polymorphism, typing with monoclonal antibodies, and polymerase chain reaction. [3]

Answer 17

E. dispar
E. moshkovskii
E. histolytica

Question 18

All entamoeba are lumen-dwelling protozoans except.

Answer 18

E. gingivalis

Question 19

All entamoeba are non-pathogenic except.

Answer 19

E. histolytica

Question 20

Cystic stage is the infective stage except.

Answer 20

E. gingivalis

Question 21

First described by a young russian peasant named Losch, from a patient with a diarrheic stool.

Answer 21

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 22

Reserved for those who actually have dysentery, or blood and mucus in the stools.

Answer 22

Amebic dysentery

Question 23

A term that can be used to denote any symptomatic intestinal infection.

Answer 23

Amebic colitis

Question 24

Size 16-60 um in diameter.

Answer 24

Entamoeba histolytica — Morphological Characteristics: Trophozoite

Question 25

Motility: active and rapid; progressive and unidirectional; pseudopodia

Answer 25

Entamoeba histolytica — Morphological Characteristics: Trophozoite

Question 26

Permanent stains such as trichrome or iron hematoxylin.

Answer 26

Entamoeba histolytica — Morphological Characteristics: Trophozoite

Question 27

It has a spherical nucleus with a distinct nuclear membrane lined with chromatin granules and a small karyosome found near the center of the nucleus. Trophozoites usually have only one nucleus.

Answer 27

Genus Entamoeba

Question 28

It has a vesicular nucleus with a relatively large, irregularly-shaped karyosome anchored to the nucleus by a achromatic fibrils.

Answer 28

Genus Endolimax

Question 29

It is characterized by a large, chromatin-rich karyosome surrounded by a layer of achromatic globules and anchored to the nuclear membrane by achromatic fibrils.

Answer 29

Genus Iodamoeba

Question 30

Originally proposed by Emile Brumpt in 1925

Answer 30

Entamoeba dispar & Entamoeba moshkovskii

Question 31

It seem capable of causing focal intestinal lesions in experimental animals such as kittens, gerbils, and guimea pigs.

Answer 31

E. dispar

Question 32

This entamoeba does not cause symptomatic disease, nor does it elicit the production of serum antibodies.

Answer 32

E. dispar

Question 33

This entamoeba is approximately nine times more prevalent that E. histolytica, and together they infect about 10% of world's population.

Answer 33

E. dispar

Question 34

Entameoba that has now attained general acceptance as the name for the amebae formerly designated as "small race" E. histolytica.

Answer 34

Entamoeba hartmanni

Question 35

It is cosmopolitan in distribution, and is considerably more common than other human amebae.

Answer 35

Entamoeba coli

Question 36

First reported as an intestinal parasite of pigs and monkeys. E.polecki has been found occasionally in humans.

Answer 36

Entamoeba polecki

Question 37

It is often found in pyorrheal pockets between the teeth and gyms and in tonsillar crypts.

Answer 37

Entamoeba gingivalis

Question 38

Existing as a scavenger. Trophozoites feed on disintegrated cells and multiply by binary fission.

Answer 38

Entamoeba gingivalis

Question 39

It is found in all populations that have been studied for its presence.

Answer 39

Entamoeba gingivalis

Question 40

The infections of this entamoeba are contracted via mouth-to-mouth (kissing) and droplet contamination, which may be transmitted through contaminated drinking utensils.

Answer 40

Entamoeba gingivalis

Question 41

It receives its generic name from the characteristics glycogen vacuoles of the cyst stage, which are so prominent that in iodine stains the cysts seem to contain little else.

Answer 41

Iodamoeba butschlii

Question 42

The most common of the smaller intestinal amebae, Endolimax is usually encountered with about the same frequency as is E.coli.

Answer 42

Endolimax nana

Question 43

It is found primarily in warm, moist regions of the world, as well as other areas in which poor hygiene and substandard sanitary condition exist.

Answer 43

Endolimax nana

Question 44

Forms ion channels in the phagocytized bacteria and eukaryotic cells.

Answer 44

Amebapore

Question 45

Trophozoites of a virulent strain of E. histolytica

Answer 45

Cytophagocytosis

Question 46

Third most important parasitic disease.

Answer 46

Amebiasis

Question 47

This ameba is found only in select areas of the world, with the highest prevalence occurring in Papua, New Guinea.

Answer 47

Entamoeba polecki

Question 48

The most common of the smaller intestinal amebae.

Answer 48

Endolimax nana

Question 49

It is usually encountered with about the same frequency as is E.coli.

Answer 49

Endolimax nana

Question 50

Trophozoite with ingested RBCs are properly termed as?

Answer 50

Hematophogus

Question 51

Red blood cells (RBCs) in the cytoplasm are considered diagnostic for?

Answer 51

E. histolytica

Question 52

Recognized by the presence of a hyaline cyst wall.

Answer 52

Amoeba

Question 53

Highly refractile in unstained preparations.

Answer 53

Amoeba

Question 54

Excystation happens in the small intestine.

Answer 54

Amoeba

Question 55

Human to human as well as pic to human are the major routes of parasite transmission.

Answer 55

Entamoeba polecki

Question 56

A two combination that successfully treated patients with E. polecki

Answer 56

Metronidazole (Flagyl) Diloxanide furoate (Furamide)

Question 57

Known as an ameboma, develops most frequently in the cecal or rectosigmoid region.

Answer 57

Chronic granulomatous lesion