Trematodes Flashcards
1
Q
Common name of Platyhelminthes Trematodes.
A
Flukes
2
Q
[2] Sub divided into two: Platyhelminthes Trematodes
A
- Monoecious
- Diecious
3
Q
flattened or leaf-shaped bodies.
[platyhelminthes trematodes]
A
Monoecious
4
Q
hermaphroditic
[platyhelminthes trematodes]
A
Monoecious
5
Q
needs 2 intermediate host.
[platyhelminthes trematodes]
A
Monoecious
6
Q
producing egg.
[platyhelminthes trematodes]
A
Monoecious
7
Q
cylindrical bodies.
[platyhelminthes trematodes]
A
Diecious
8
Q
sexes are separate.
[platyhelminthes trematodes]
A
Diecious
9
Q
need 1 intermediate host.
[platyhelminthes trematodes]
A
Diecious
10
Q
produce non-operculum egg.
[platyhelminthes trematodes]
A
Diecious
11
Q
The trematodes or flukes are classified under?
A
Phylum Platyhelminthes
12
Q
[3] Life cycle of trematodes:
A
- Egg stage
- Larval stage
- Adult stage
13
Q
Eggs are operculated.
A
Trematodes (flukes)
14
Q
Infective stage to the final host is the metacercaria.
A
Trematodes (flukes)
15
Q
Mode of transmission is fecal oral (except Schistosoma spp.)
A
Trematodes (flukes)
16
Q
Requires 2 intermediate host.
A
Trematodes (flukes)
17
Q
Eggs of most species have a lid called “operculum”.
A
Trematodes (flukes)
18
Q
Eggs of most species have a lid called?
A
operculum
19
Q
Adult covered by a tegument or skin.
A
Trematodes (flukes)
20
Q
Excretory system includes flame cells, capillaries, collecting tubules and an excretory bladder.
A
Trematodes (flukes)
21
Q
Ingestion of metacercaria through improperly cooked 2nd I.H
A
Mode of transmission of Trematodes.
22
Q
Skin penetration by fork-tailed cercaria in flukes.
A
Mode of transmission of Trematodes.
23
Q
[5] Larval stage of Platyhelminthes Trematodes.
A
- Miracidium
- Sporocyst
- Redia
- Cercariae
- Metacercariae
24
Q
Free swimming stage; ciliated embryo which hatches in water to penetrate the 1st intermediate host.
[larval stage]
A
Miracidium
25
Sac-like structure with germ balls which proliferative; found in snail host.
[larval stage]
Sporocyst
26
Sac-like structure containing oral sucker, a pharynx, a birth pore, cercariae germ balls and another generation of redia also found in the snail host.
[larval stage]
Redia
27
Stage in life cycle which emerges from the snail host, all possess tail therefore, they are free swimming.
[larval stage]
Cerceriae
28
Fond in the 2nd intermediate host.
[larval stage]
Metacercariae
29
Common name of Fasciola Hepatica.
Temperate liver fluke
Sheep liver fluke
30
Common name of Fasciola Gigantica.
Tropical liver fluke
31
[3] Life cycle of Fasciola's.
1st intermediate host
2nd intermediate host
Mode of transmission
32
Snails
1st Intermediate host
33
Aquatic plants
2nd Intermediate host
34
[2] Intermediate host: Snails
Lymnaea philippinensis
Lymnaea aurcularia rubiginosa
35
[2] 2nd Intermediate host: Aquatic plants
Ipomea obscura
Nasturtium officinale
36
Ingestion of aquatic plants containing metacercaria.
[life cycle]
Mode of transmission
37
kangkong
Ipomea obscura
38
water cress
Nasturtium officinale
39
Specimen of choice for recovery of the eggs of F. gigantica and F. hepatica is?
Stool
40
History of eating uncooked water plants from infested locale.
Fasciola's
41
Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).
PCR
42
It is considered the most important helminth infection of cattle.
Fasciola
43
Found worldwide, particularly in areas in which sheep and cattle are raised. The natural host for the completion of the F. hepatica lifecycle is the sheep. Human serves as accidental hosts.
Fasciola hepatica
44
Natural host of Fasciola hepatica lifecycle is?
Sheep
45
In fasciola, it serves as accidental hosts.
Human
46
[2] Clinical stages of Fasciolopiasis:
Acute stage
Chronic stage
47
Larval migration and hepatic migration.
[clinical stage of fasciolapiasis]
Acute stage
48
Persistence of fasciola worms in the biliary ducts.
[clinical stage of fasciolapiasis]
Chronic stage
49
Temporary lodgement of the worm in the pharynx. headache, fever, chills, and pains in the liver area of the body.
Halzoun
50
Intestinal obstruction, and even death.
Fasciola's
51
Common name of Clonorchis Sinensis.
Chinese liver fluke
52
Disease associated in Clonorchis Sinensis
Clonorchiasis
53
Infective stage of Clonorchis Sinensis.
Metacercariae
54
Mode of transmission: Eating raw fresh water fish and shrimps with metacercariae.
Clonorchis sinensis
55
Site of inhabitation of Clonorchis Sinensis
Bile ducts
56
Reservoir Host: Cat, dog
Clonorchis Sinensis
57
Life span: 20-30 years
Clonorchis Sinensis
58
1st Intermediate host of Clonorchis Sinensis
Snail
59
2nd Intermediate host of Clonorchis Sinensis.
Fish
60
Glycolytic enzyme found in many parasite counterparts for vaccine and drug development.
Phosphoglycerate kinase
61
Phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK): glycolytic enzyme found in many parasite counterparts for vaccine and drug development.
Clonorchis sinensis
62
It is endemic in areas of the far east, including China, especially the northeast portions, Taiwan, Korea, Vietnam, and Japan.
Clonorchis sinensis
63
Enlargement and tenderness of the liver and leukocytosis may also occur.
Clonorchis sinensis
64
Cholelithiasis, pancreatitis, and cholangiocarcinoma (carcinoma of liver and adenocarcinoma of gallbladder).
Clonorchis sinensis
65
Common name of Opistorchis Felineus.
Cat liver fluke
66
Common name of Opistorchis Viverrini
Southeast asian liver fluke
67
History of eating raw, pickled, or poorly cooked fish.
Opistorchis
68
1st intermediate host of Opistorchis
Bithynia
69
2nd intermediate host of Opistorchis
Cypridae
Cobitidae
70
Detection of eggs in the patient’s stool or duodenal drainage spiration.
Opistorchis
71
Site of inhibition: Small intestine.
Fasciolopsis buski
72
Site of inhibition of Fasciolopsis buski.
Small intestine
73
Infective stage of Fasciolopsis buski.
Metecercariae
74
Mode of transmission: Eating raw water plants with metacercariae.
Fasciolopsis buski
75
Life span: 1-4 years
Fasciolopsis buski
76
Reservoir of Fasciolopsis buski.
Pig
77
Same life cycle with Trematodes flukes.
Fasciolopsis buski
78
[2] 1st Intermediate host of Fasciolopsis Buski.
1. Segmentina
2. Hippeutis
79
Malnutrition results result from the worms sharing food with host and diarrhea. Manifest anemia, edema of leg and face even ascites.
Fasciolopsis buski
80
It is related to growing water plants and feeding pigs on water plants.
Prevalence of fasciolopiasis
81
It is prevalent in southeast asia and lives in human’s and pigs intestine.
Fasciolopsis buski
82
1st intermediate host: not yet known.
Artyfechinostomum Malayanum
83
2nd intermediate host:
Lymnea (Bullastra) cumingiana (birabid)
Artyfechinostomum Malayanum
84
[2] Clinical Symptoms of Artyfechinostomum Malayanum
1. Light infection
2. Heavy infection
85
Anemia, headache, gastric pain, and loose stools.
[Clinical Symptoms of Artyfechinostomum Malayanum]
Light infection
86
Abdominal pain, emaciation, weakness, anemia, profuse watery diarrhea, hemorrhage, edema, and anorexia.
[Clinical Symptoms of Artyfechinostomum Malayanum]
Heavy infection
87
Common name of Fasciolopsis Buski
Giant intestinal fluke
88
Enteritis due to the attachment of the adults manifests abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Fasciolopsis buski
89
Lives in the intestine of fish eating host.
Heterophyid Flukes
90
1st intermediate host: brackish water snail
- Melania juncea
- Thiara riquetti
Heterophyid Flukes
91
2nd intermediate host of Heterophyid Flukes
Fishes
92
It is essential to ensure proper species identification.
Careful microscopic examination
93
Careful microscopic examination is essential to ensure proper species identification.
Heterophyid Flukes
94
This is difficult to achieve because the eggs of Heterophyes, Metagonimus, and Clonorchis are so similar.
Heterophyid Flukes
95
Common name of Paragonimus Westermani
Oriental lung fluke
96
RESERVOIR HOST: Pigs , dogs, and feline specie
Paragonimus westermani
97
1st Intermediate Host: Snail
2nd Intermediate Host: Mountain crab
Paragonimus westermani
98
It is transmitted in undercooked crayfish or crabs.
Paragonimus westermani
99
Infection caused by this occur in several areas of the world, including portions of Asia and Africa, India, and South America.
Paragonimus westermani
100
Pigs and monkey serves as reservoir hosts, as well as other animals whose diet includes crayfish and crabs.
Paragonimus westermani
101
[3] Schistosoma spp.
1. Shistosoma mansoni
2. Schistosoma haematobium
3. Schistosoma japonicum
102
Manson’s blood fluke.
[schistosoma spp.]
Schistosoma mansoni
103
bilharziasis or urinary schistosomiasis.
[schistosoma spp.]
Schistosoma haematobium
104
Katayama’s disease.
[schistosoma spp.]
Schistosoma japonicum
105
It is accomplished by recovery of the eggs in stool.
[schistosoma's]
Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma japonicum
106
It is recovered in a concentrated urine specimen.
[schistosoma]
Schistosoma haematobium
107
Reside in the veins that surround the intestinal tract, as well as in the blood passages of the liver.
[schistosoma's]
Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma japonicum
108
Resides in the veins surrounding surrounding the bladder.
[schistosoma]
Schistosoma haematobium
109
Intermediate host of Schistosoma.
Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi
110
Intermediate host: Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi
Schistosoma
111
Parts of africa.
[schistosoma]
Schistosoma mansoni
112
Parts of Far east.
[schistosoma]
Schistosoma japonicum
113
Almost all of africa and portions of the
middle east.
[schistosoma]
Schistosoma haematobium
114
It is present in the macrophages and
neutrophils. (schistosoma)
Brown hematin pigment
115
Present in the adult worm breaks down globulin and hemoglobin. (schistosoma)
Hemoglobinase
116
Common name of Echinostoma Ilocanum
Garrison's fluke
117
Disease associated in Echinostoma Ilocanum
Echinostomiasis
118
He first discovered this food-borne, intestinal, zoonotic, snail-mediated parasitosis in 1907 in Manila.
Garrison
119
Found in intestine of birds and mammals throughout the world.
Echinostoma Ilocanum
120
It is endemic in North Luzon, Leyte, Samar,
Mindanao provinces.
Echinostoma Ilocanum
121
Reservoir of Echinostoma Ilocanum
Wild animals and birds
