Protues-Providencia-Morganella

Question 0

Actively motile at 37C, pleomorphic,NLF, urease(+), Phenlyalanine Deaminase(+); Rapidly hydrolyzes urease at 2-4hours. Surface growth that gives off a BURNT GUNPOWDER ODOR; Swarming motile on BAP

Answer 0

PROTEUS

Question 1

Different strains of proteus, when inoculated in culture medium swarms toward each other, but do not mingle thus leaving a demarcation line between them.

Answer 1

DIENESPHENOMENON

Question 2

Pathogens of proteus

Answer 2

Wound and Urinary Tract Infection, nosocomial infection, bacteremia, pneumonia

Question 3

Differenting point of P.mirabilis and P.vulgaris

Answer 3

INDOLE

Question 4

Most important member of proteus genus. Susceptible to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, cephalosporin. OX-K(kingsburry); may cause pneumonia and septicemia. Indole (-). Tend to swarm on moist agar producing bluish gray confluent.

Answer 4

PROTEUS MIRABILIS

Question 5

Targets the immunosuppressed individuals; OX-02 and OX-19; INDOLE (+); may cause nosocomial infections and uti. Resistant to Ampicillin, chloramphenicol, cephalosporin. Has the same antigenic structure as rickettsiae such that O antigen

Answer 5

PROTEUS VULGARIS

Question 6

To detect rickettsial infections.

Answer 6

WEIL-FELIX TEST

Question 7

Most important species of morganella. Causes UTI and wound infections as well as diarrhea. Lactose, citrate, h2s and LDC(-); urease and Deaminase (+). Formerly known as P.morganii

Answer 7

MORGANELLA MORGANII

Question 8

Normal intestinal flora; difficult to treat because most of them are R to antibiotics. Associated with nosocomial infection, gram -, NLF, pleomorphic, motile at 25 , non motile at 31c. Urease - and NLF

Answer 8

PROVIDENCIA

Question 9

Associated with some cases of diarrhea in children. Infection are rare. Do not swarm on BAP.

Answer 9

PROVIDENCIA ALCALIFACIENS

Question 10

Other Providencia species

Answer 10

PROVIDENCIA STUARTII, PROVIDENCIA RETTGERI, PROVIDENCIA RUTSIGANII.

Question 11

NLF, microaerophilic, short coccobacilli, exhibits bipolar granules, ferments sucrose.

Answer 11

YERSINIA

Question 12

Yersinia on Desoxycholate agar

Answer 12

REDDISH PINK COLONIES; DOES NOT FERMENTS LACTOSE; AEROGENIC

Question 13

Yersinia on old culture

Answer 13

ORGANISM FORMS SURFACE GROWTH PELLICLE WITH STALACTITE STREAMERS

Question 14

Virulence factors of Yersinia.

Answer 14

ENDOTOXINS, COAGULASE, FIBRINOLYSIN

Question 15

Two most important species of Yersinia, that causes enterocilitis.

Answer 15

Y.enterocolitica and Y.pestis

Question 16

Causative agent of Y.pseudotuberculosis or Y.enterocolitis; can cause a severe intestinal inflammation

Answer 16

Yersiniosis

Question 17

Opportunistic pathogens of Yersinia.

Answer 17

Y.intermedia, Y.freduikaenii, Y.kristensenii

Question 18

Most common Yersinia isolated from human. Causes enterocolitis. Most often encountered Yersinia in the lab. Invasive pathogen which can penetrate gut lining and enter the lymphatic system and blood. Infections are usually through an ingestion of contaminated food, which can cause a severe intestinal inflammation. Release of it’s enterotoxin cause a severe pain similar to that found in patients with appendicitis. Easily found because it has the ability to grown in a cold temp and motile at room temp.

Answer 18

Y.enterocolitica

Question 19

Also known as plaque bacillus.

Answer 19

Y.pestis

Question 20

Infection of wild rodents transmitted occasionally by bite of fleas

Answer 20

Plague

Question 21

From oriental rat flea bite. Symptoms niya is swelling of lymph nodes. Nagcacause ng cell death and black purpuric lesions or blak death.

Answer 21

Xenopsylla cheopsis

Question 22

3 human plague in Y.pestis. Lymph nodes. Buboes

Answer 22

Bubonic plague

Question 23

3 human plague in Y.pestis. Airborne transmission

Answer 23

Pnuemonic plague

Question 24

3 human plague in Y.pestis. Black Death due to Schwartzmann phenomenon.

Answer 24

Septicemic plague

Question 25

Mesetric lymphadenitis, septicemia. LOA --, Urease +, ODC and sucrose -.

Answer 25

Y.psuedotuberculosis

Question 26

Stained smears of Y.pseudotuberculosis.

Answer 26

Wayson and Giema stain.

Question 27

Culture of MAC on Y.pseudotuberculosis.

Answer 27

Colorless to peach

Question 28

Culture of emb in y.pseudotuberculosis.

Answer 28

Colorless to purple

Question 29

Culture of HEA on y.pseudotuberculosis.

Answer 29

Salmon

Question 30

Culture of XLD in Y.pseudotuberculosis

Answer 30

Yellow

Question 31

Culture of SSA on Y.pseudotuberculosis.

Answer 31

Purple

Question 32

Transport medium for Y.pseudotuberculosis. For transporting and maintaining tissue infected with Y.pestis, also useful for transporting stool for isolation of shigella, salmonella and Yersinia.

Answer 32

Cary-Blaire medium

Question 33

Found in brackish or salt water. Short, facultative anaerobes, ferments glucose, NLF, reduce nitrates to nitrites, Oxidase + except V.metschnikovii, INDOLE +, catalase +, LOA ++-. Hemophilic organism except V.cholera and V.mimicus, natural habitat is water, usually associated with seafood or dairy. Motile, comma/curved bacillus. Not an enteric gastrointestinal pathogen but has the ability to cause gastroenteritis.

Answer 33

Family Vibrionaceae

Question 34

Members of Family Vibrionaceae.

Answer 34

Vibrio, Aermonas, Plesiomonas

Question 35

Vibrio comma. Curve/comma shaped rods, gram - rods, facultative anaerobes, non halophilic ferments glucos

Answer 35

Vibrio cholerae

Question 36

V.cholerae under contrast or dark field microscopy

Answer 36

Darting motility or shooting star motility

Question 37

Potent enterotoxin on V.cholerae

Answer 37

Cholera toxin, zit toxin, ace toxin.

Question 38

Cholera toxin in V.cholerae

Answer 38

Cholerogen 01 and 0139

Question 39

String test of V.cholerae

Answer 39

Reagent: 0.5% sodium desoxycholate +; sucrose fermenters (yellow TCBS)

Question 40

Transport medium of V.cholerae

Answer 40

Amies medium

Question 41

Enrichment medium of V.cholerae

Answer 41

Alkaline Peptone Water

Question 42

Culture of V.cholerae on BAP

Answer 42

Smooth, medium to large colonies with greenish blue

Question 43

V.cholerae on TCBS

Answer 43

pH 8.4. Yellow colonies

Question 44

Disease characterized by loss of large amounts of fluids

Answer 44

Asiatic Cholera

Question 45

Toxin in V. Cholerae that is a rice watery stool

Answer 45

Endotoxins

Question 46

Toxin in V.cholerae that is found in chromosome

Answer 46

Enterotoxin

Question 47

Causative agent of V. Cholera

Answer 47

V. Cholera eltor

Question 48

Serological type: V. Cholerae 01 serotypes: found in the Phil.

Answer 48

Original J or Inaba type

Question 49

Serological type: V. Cholerae 01 serotypes: found in Japan

Answer 49

Middle intermediate or Hikojjma type

Question 50

Serological type: V. Cholerae 01 serotypes: in India

Answer 50

Variant F or Ogawa type

Question 51

Lysis of v. Cholerae when inoculated into an immuned guinea pigs

Answer 51

Bacteriolysis

Question 52

Phenomenon of Bacteriolysis

Answer 52

Pfeiffer's Phenomenon

Question 53

Classical is - and Eltor +

Answer 53

Bio types: RBC hemolysis, VP, aggtn. With chicken RBC

Question 54

Classical s and Eltor is r

Answer 54

Bio type polymixin B

Question 55

Halophilic organisms causing gastroenteritis and food poisoning associated with consumption of a contaminated seafoods.

Answer 55

Vibrio Parahaemolyticus

Question 56

Factors causing hemolysin

Answer 56

Heat stable and labile direct hemolysin, phospholipase A and Lysophospholipase

Question 57

Phenomenon of V. Parahaemolyticus

Answer 57

Kaganawa Phenomenon

Question 58

Ear and wound infection. Associated with marine environment, halophilic, sucrose +, yellow on TCBS.

Answer 58

V. Aglinolyticus

Question 59

Septecimia, wound infection involving marine environment. Known to cause necrotizing fasciitis, extremely virulent, green on TCBS. Associated with eating raw oyster.

Answer 59

V. Vulnificus

Question 60

Wound infection

Answer 60

V. Damsela

Question 61

Food poisoning

Answer 61

V. Fluvialis

Question 62

Food poisoning, non marine vibrio, green on TCBS, non halophilic, sucrose -

Answer 62

V. Mimicus

Question 63

Facultative anaerobes, oxidase and catalase +, motile but some species are not motile. Bull's eye colonies on CIN, beta-hemolytic on BAP, can grown on Mac, EMB, SSA, CIN. Isolated from tap water, soil, river, marine environment and various foods. Halophilic. Pathogens of cold blooded animals such as frogs and snakes.

Answer 63

Aeromonas

Question 64

Causes gastroenteritis and cellulitis

Answer 64

A. Sobra and A. Hyrdophilia

Question 65

Water loving organism, associated with gastrointestinal disease

Answer 65

Aeromonas hydrophilia

Question 66

Characteristics that separated it from other member of Enterobacteriaceae. Oxidase +

Answer 66

Plesiomonas

Question 67

Biochemically similar to shigella. Motile, oxidase +, do not produce gas. Can grow on media that used for enteric bacteria, found in fresh water especially in warmer climates. Glucose fermenters and genetically related to Proteus. Exposure to cold blooded animals such as reptiles and may cause gastritis.

Answer 67

Plesiomonas Shigelloides

Question 68

Species used for P.shigelloides

Answer 68

Stool and rectal swab

Question 69

Separates Vibrio spp. From Aeromonas sp and P.shigelloides

Answer 69

String test: 0.5% sodium desoxycholate

Question 70

Differentiated V. Cholerae 01 and non 01 from other species

Answer 70

Vibrio static test- 0129

Question 71

Small spirals, s shaped, sea gull winged forms, sensitive to h2o2 and superoxide, oxidase +, catalase +, urease -, no3 +, gram -, monotrichous flagella, non-CHO fermenters, unable to grow on 3.5% NaCl. Most common cause of gastroenteritis in the US. Also cause septicarthitis. Most recognized antecedent cause of gullain Barre syndrome.

Answer 71

Campylobacter Jejuni

Question 72

Susceptible in nalidix acid, resistant in cephalosporin, able to hydrolyzes hippurate.

Answer 72

Camplyobacter Jejuni

Question 73

Optimal Incubator temp of c. Jejuni

Answer 73

42C

Question 74

Specimens of CampylobacterJejuni

Answer 74

Feces, rectal swab and blood

Question 75

Other species of Campylobacter

Answer 75

C. Jejuni and C. Coli

Question 76

Animal pathogen that causes animal abortion

Answer 76

C. Lari

Question 77

Serolgy of campylobacter Jejuni: for soluble heat stable agglutination

Answer 77

Penner method

Question 78

Heat labile with slide agglutination tech. C. Laridis, C. Coli, C. Jejuni

Answer 78

Lior Method

Question 79

Formerly vibrios fetus

Answer 79

Campylobacter Fetus

Question 80

Transport media for C.Fetus

Answer 80

Buffered saline glycerol and alkaline Peptone water.

Question 81

Formerly identified as C.pylori, spiral shaped resembling Campylobacter . NS. Causes type B gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric carcinoma, bad breath and cancer. Rodlike bizarre, u shaped gr(-) bacteria, tuft or polar flagella with corkscrew motility. Strongly urease and catalase +.

Answer 81

Helicobacter pylori

Question 82

Specimens used for Helicobacter pylori

Answer 82

Urine and tissue biopsy material

Question 83

Differentiating point with campylobacter and Helicobacter

Answer 83

Motility with 4-6 flagella and optimum temp 35-37C.

Question 84

Excellent sensitivity and specificity lab diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori

Answer 84

Urea breath test