psychology test 3

Question 0

Concept

Answer 0

A mental category of objects or ideas based on property they share

Question 1

Mental image

Answer 1

A mental representation of objects or events that are not physically present

Question 2

Formal concept

Answer 2

A mental category and that is formed by learning the rules or features that define it

Question 3

Natural concept

Answer 3

A mental category that is formed as a result of every day experiences

Question 4

Prototype

Answer 4

The most typical instances of a particular concept

Question 5

Insight

Answer 5

The sudden realization of how a problem can be solved

Question 6

Intuition

Answer 6

Coming to a conclusion or making a judgment without conscious awareness of the thought process involved

Question 7

Functional fixedness

Answer 7

The tendency to view objects of function only in their usual or custom ways

Question 8

Mental set

Answer 8

The tendency to persist in solving problems with the solution that have worked in the past

Question 9

Availability heuristic

Answer 9

If strategy in which the likelihood of event if estimated on the biases of how readily available other instances of the event are in memory r

For example we are afraid of flying or getting bitten by a shark rather than dying of a car accident or heart attack

Question 10

Representativeness heuristics

Answer 10

It strategy in which the likelihood of an event is estimated by the comparing how similar it is to the Proto type of the event

Question 11

The single feature model

Answer 11

In order to simplify the choice among many alternative you beef your decision on the single feature

For example when buying laundry detergent you please your decision one feature such a price and buy the cheapest one

Question 12

The additive model

Answer 12

And this model you first generate a list the factors that are most important to you then you rate each alternative for each factor using an arbitrary scale

Question 13

The elimination by aspects model

Answer 13

Using this model you evaluate all the alternative one characteristic at a time typically starting with the feature you consider most important if a particular alternator failed to meet that criteria and you scratch it off your list of possible choices

For example when you buy a new computer you might initially eliminate all models that are powerful enough to run the software you need to use