Pulm Vascular Disorder: Pulmonary Edema

Question 1

What is Pulm Edema?

Answer 1

accum of fluid inside the lungs

Question 2

Is Pulm Edema third spacing?

Answer 2

YES

Question 3

What are 2 reason impede GE in Pulm Edema (2)?

Answer 3

1. reduce lung capacity

2. increase diffusion distance for gases to travel thru

Question 4

Etiology of Pulm Edema (5)

Answer 4

Cardiogenic:
1. usualy d/t Left-sided HF

Non-Cardiogenic:

2. fluid overload
3. aspiration
4. smoke inhalation
5. narcotics

Question 5

L-sided HF results in ________ ________d/t inability to pump out blood

Answer 5

pulmonary congestion

Question 6

How does L-sided HF lead to Pulm Edema?

Answer 6

pulm vessels are congested –> increase CHP—> fluid move out from vessels and into lung and alveoli

Question 7

How does fluid overload lead to Pulm Edema?

Answer 7

increase blood vol–> increase CHP–> fluids move out from vessels and into lung and alveoli

Question 8

How does aspiration lead to Pulm Edema?

Answer 8

aspirating anything but air —> damage lungs—> inflm —> change in cap perm —> increase prod of exudate –> fluid move into lungs

Question 9

How does smoke inhalation lead to Pulm Edema?

Answer 9

Smoke from fire are injurious to tissues –> causes damage–> Inflm —> change in cap perm —> increase prod of exudate –> fluid move into lungs

Question 10

How does narcotics lead to Pulm Edema?

Answer 10

excessive usage–> impact brain stem–> alter perm in vessels –> fluid moves out and into lungs

Question 11

Smoke Inhalation can lead to ____ ______ _____ ______

Answer 11

acute respiratory distress syndrome

Question 12

Patho of Pulm Edema: Capillary fluids move into ________ _____ of lungs and when filled up it and moves into ________

Answer 12

interstitial space

alveoli

Question 13

Patho of Pulm Edema: What happens to the GE and Ventilation? Respiratory function is __________-

Answer 13

it is impaired

compromised

Question 14

50% of alveoli is filled with fluid = 50% of ____ _______ occurs in alveoli

Answer 14

gas exchange

Question 15

fluid in alveoli will increase the _______ _________ for ___ _______ and increase effort required to oxygenate _____ and excrete ______

Answer 15

diffusion distance

gas exchange

blood

oxygen

Question 16

What do borders of lung lobules have?

Answer 16

lymphatic vessels

Question 17

What is visible when lymphatic vessels become engorged? What colour is it?

Answer 17

distinct lung lobules are visible

white

Question 18

Manifestations of Pulm Edema (5)

Answer 18

1. l/o compliance
2. dyspnea
3. wet crackles
4. frothy coughs
5. blood-tinged sputum

Question 19

How compliance increase or decrease?

Answer 19

compliance decrease b/c alveoli are filled with fluid —> impact the ability for lungs to fill and empty

Question 20

What is dyspnea related to (3)?

Answer 20

1. hypoxia
2. tachycardia
3. tachypnea

Question 21

Why do we hear wet crackles?

Answer 21

air is forcefully moved thru fluid

Question 22

What induces coughing? Why is it frothy? Is it productive?

Answer 22

fluid irritant tissue and induce coughing

forceful movement of air thru fluid results in frothy expectorate

YES

Question 23

What is the mechanism of coughing do?

In pleural effusion, fluids are outside the lungs, do coughing occur? Why? How is it described

Answer 23

to clear fluids out of the lungs

Yes, there is coughing at times b/c tissue associated with membranes are irritated

dry coughs

Question 24

What is blood-tinged sputum, and how?

Answer 24

frank red blood in expectorate

r/t injury in blood vessels in lungs

Question 25

Treatment of Pulm Edema (2)

Answer 25

1. respiratory support

2. address underlying cause

Question 26

What are 2 examples of respiratory support?

Answer 26

1. drugs eg diuretics

2. symptomatic management