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Flashcards in Pulmonary Function Testing Deck (15)
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1
Q

Spiral spirometry

A

Tests for lung volumes/capacities

Compare actual (observed) results to predicted values based on gender, height, weight, age, and ethnicity

Used to classify obstructive, restrictive, or combined pulmonary dysfunction

2
Q

Spirometry process

A

Someone inhales maximally and then they exhale rapidly to their fullest extent; tube measures

Can be performed in a fast/hard measure for FVC

Can be performed in a more relaxed measure - Slow Vital Capacity

If the test comes back abnormal, they will get a bronchodilator, then perform again

3
Q

FEV1

A

Reflects airflow in LARGE and MEDIUM sized airways
75% of FVC should be exhaled in the first second
Will be decreased in obstructive diseases

4
Q

FEV1 values

A

> 2.0 L No obstruction

1-2 L Mild to moderate obstruction

5
Q

FEV1/FVC

A

Decreased = obstructive disease

Near normal or elevated = restrictive disease

6
Q

FEF 200-1200

A

Looks at larger airways
The flow of 1st L of gas immediately following the first 200 mL

> 5 L/sec normal

7
Q

FEF 25-75

A

Looks at smaller airways
Forced mid-expiratory flow
Amt of air exhaled during the middle half of the FVC divided by the time taken to exhale it

4 L/sec normal

8
Q

Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR)

A

Max flow that occurs during any point during the FVC

Normally 9-10 L/sec

9
Q

Max Voluntary Ventilation (MVV)

A

Max amt gas a pt can move in 1 minute

Identified nonspecific mechanical lung dysfunction, strength, and endurance of ventilatory mm

Resting minute ventilation 6-10 L

Avg male MVV 160-180 L/min

10
Q

Flow Volume Loop

A

Graphic way of representing what happens during forced exhalation followed by forced inspiration

11
Q

Reversibility

A

PFT measured again 5-20 min after bronchodilator

Normal or PURELY restrictive disease should show no difference

People with obstructive disease should show reversibility if there is > 15% increase in at least two of the following…

FVC
FEV1
FEF 25-75

12
Q

Diffusing Capacity of the Lung

DL or DLCO

A

Amt of gas entering pulmonary blood flow per unit time

Relative to the difference btwn partial pressure of the gas in the alveoli and in the pulmonary blood

mL/min/mmHg

13
Q

CO use

A

Used for DLCO testing

If Hb is normal, all alveolar CO should bind to Hb and the partial pressure of CO in the plasma should be zero

Can be reduced in three cases…

Decreased hemoglobin
Increased thickness of alveolar-capillary membrane
Decreased surface area for diffusion (primary factor)

14
Q

Interpreting PFT

A

Is it normal? Watch for poor pt effort

Obstructive v restrictive?
Obstructive - reversible?
Restrictive - combined obstructive or restrictive abnormality?

What is the disease progression?

Is there isolated gas exchange abnormality?

15
Q

PFT

A

Can be used for diagnosing and monitoring respiratory symptoms and disease

Looks at…

Lung volumes/capacities
Gas flow rates
Flow volume loops
Gas diffusion