PULSE Spring Midterm definitions

Question 1

Absolute goods

Answer 1

Things that are intrinsically good, and are naturally perfect

Question 2

Ascension

Answer 2

Jesus returning to heaven 40 days after his resurrection

Question 2

Beatitudes

Answer 2

a series of blessings spoken by Jesus during the Sermon on the Mount, outlining the character of believers in the Kingdom of Heaven. They emphasize humility, mercy, purity, and perseverance through persecution

Question 3

Baptism

Answer 3

The foundational Christian sacrament involving cleansing a child in water as an initiation into the teachings of Jesus

Question 4

Black Nationalism

Answer 4

A movement centered on a clear national identity, culture, and autonomy for African Americans as a response to racism

Question 5

Black Power

Answer 5

A slogan of the civil rights movement representing black racial pride, empowerment, and economic growth

Question 6

Black Separatism

Answer 6

The belief that the United States is not made for the Black race and cannot coexist with the White race and White society

Question 7

Cardinal virtue

Answer 7

Aristotle’s 4 main virtues of the human condition

Question 7

Domain

Question 8

Crucifixion

Answer 8

The nailing of Jesus to the cross and the process by which he died

Question 9

Disciple

Answer 9

A follower of Jesus who spreads his teachings as a voice of God

Question 10

Erasure

Answer 10

The silencing/removal of an idea, group etc

Question 11

Eschatological

Answer 11

study of death and final judgment of humans

Question 12

eudaemonia

Answer 12

Aristotle’s ultimate happiness, the highest human good, and fulfilling one’s potential

Question 13

Expertise and deference

Question 14

Genotype

Answer 14

The specific genetic material that codes for a certain trait

Question 15

Golden Mean

Answer 15

The moderate, balanced, and rational path between the extremes of deficiency and excess

Question 16

Hypodescent

Answer 16

Assigning a mixed race child to the historically inferior class

Question 16

Phenotype

Answer 16

The resulting physical trait of a given genotype

Question 17

Instrumental Good

Answer 17

Means to an end that can be replaced

Question 18

Intellectual virtue

Answer 18

Aristotle’s virtues of the mind and soul in pursuit of the ultimate truth

Question 19

Microaggressions

Answer 19

Small acts of casual discrimination that can be anything from a joke to a gesture

Question 20

Mismatch problem

Answer 20

Evolutionary concept describing gap between environment organism is adapted to and the environment it currently inhabits

Question 21

Nation of Islam

Answer 21

African American movement founded in 1930 that combiner elements of Islam with Black nationalism. Famously associated with figure like Malcom X and Elijah Muhammad

Question 22

moral virtue

Answer 22

A character trait or disposition that is deemed morally good and essential for a "well-lived" life. Unlike a single right action, a virtue is a habitual excellence. In Aristotelian ethics, it is often seen as the "Golden Mean" between two extremes (e.g., courage is the mean between cowardice and recklessness)

Question 23

Natural category

Answer 23

A grouping that is believed to exist in the world independently of human language or culture Often based on shared biological or physical properties as opposed to categories created by human social convention

Question 24

Resurrection

Answer 24

The concept of coming back to life after death in a transformed yet recognizable physical or bodily form. It is a central tenet of Christianity (the Resurrection of Jesus) and is also present in other Abrahamic traditions regarding the end of time.

Question 24

Representation

Answer 24

Use of signs, symbols images or language to stand in for or re-present something else.

Question 25

Sociohistorical category

Answer 25

A grouping or identity that is not "natural" or biological, but rather constructed over time through social, political, and historical forces. "Race" and "nationality" are often cited as sociohistorical categories because their definitions change depending on the era and society

Question 26

Telos

Answer 26

A Greek term meaning "end," "purpose," or "goal." In teleological philosophy (especially Aristotle’s), it refers to the inherent purpose of a thing—for example, the telos of an acorn is to become an oak tree, and the telos of a human is often argued to be eudaimonia (flourishing

Question 27

Transfiguration

Answer 27

A complete change of form or appearance into a more beautiful or spiritual state. In a religious context, it specifically refers to the event where Jesus’s appearance was transformed on a mountain, revealing his divine glory to his disciples.