Q#3 - CELLS PT.1

Question 1

What are cells?

Answer 1

1) CELLS ARE THE BASIC OR FUNDAMENTAL UNITS OF LIFE
2) ALL LIVING THINGS ARE COMPOSED OF CELLS.

Question 2

Cells are the ______ or ______ units of life.

Answer 2

BASIC; FUNDAMENTAL

Question 3

What are the TWO (2) TYPES of CELLS?

Answer 3

1) PROKARYOTIC CELLS
2) EUKARYOTIC CELLS

Question 4

In the types of cells, the simple _________________ lack nuclei and other membrane-bound organelles.

Answer 4

PROKARYOTIC CELLS

Question 5

Prokaryotic cells lack?

Answer 5

1) NUCLEI
2) OTHER MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES

Question 6

Under prokaryotic cells, what are the two domains?

Answer 6

1) ARCHAEA
2) EUBACTERIA

Question 7

This type of cell is larger and have many membrane-bound organelles.

Answer 7

EUKARYOTIC CELLS

Question 8

Eukaryotic cells are characterized by having?

Answer 8

1) DNA in a nucleus that is bounded by a membranous nuclear envelope.
2) Have membrane-bound organelles
3) Cytoplasm in the region between the plasma membrane and nucleus.

Question 9

TRUE OR FALSE

Eukaryotic cells are generally MUCH LARGER than PROKARYOTIC CELLS.

Answer 9

TRUE

Question 10

PROKARYOTE OR EUKARYOTE

Genetic Recombination: Partial, unidirectional transfer of DNA.

Answer 10

PROKARYOTE

Question 11

PROKARYOTE OR EUKARYOTE

Flagella: Microscopic in size; membrane bound; usually 20 microtubules in 9 + 2 pattern

Answer 11

EUKARYOTE

Question 12

PROKARYOTE OR EUKARYOTE

Ribosomes: 70S

Answer 12

PROKARYOTE

Question 13

PROKARYOTE OR EUKARYOTE

Differentiation: Rudimentary

Answer 13

PROKARYOTE

Question 14

PROKARYOTE OR EUKARYOTE

Differentiation: Tissues and Organs

Answer 14

EUKARYOTE

Question 15

PROKARYOTE OR EUKARYOTE

Ribosomes: 80S (except in mitochondria and chloroplasts)

Answer 15

EUKARYOTE

Question 16

What are the only components present in PROKARYOTIC CELLS?

Answer 16

• Genetic Recombination
• Flagella
• Cell Walls
• Ribosomes
• Cytoskeleton
• Vacuoles
• Vesicles

Question 17

All eukaryotes have THREE (3) BASIC PARTS; enumerate:

Answer 17

1) CELL MEMBRANE
2) CYTOPLASM
3) NUCLEUS

Question 18

What is this organelle?

• Locomotion organelle in some animal cells; composed of a cluster of microtubules within an extension of the plasma membrane.

Answer 18

FLAGELLUM

Question 19

What is this organelle?

• Region where the cell’s microtubules are initiated; contains a pair of centrioles (function unknown)

Answer 19

CENTROSOME

Question 20

What organelle is this?

• Reinforces cell’s shape, functions in cell movement; components are made of proteins,

Answer 20

CYTOSKELETON

Question 21

What is the cytoskeleton made of?

Answer 21

1) MICROFILAMENTS
2) INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS
3) MICROTUBULES

Question 22

What organelle is this?

• Projections that increase the cell’s surface area.

Answer 22

MICROVILLI

Question 23

What is this organelle?

• This is an organelle with various specialized metabolic functions; produces hydrogen peroxide as a by-product then converts it to water.

Answer 23

PEROXISOME

Question 24

What is this organelle?

• An organelle where cellular respiration occurs and most ATP is generated.

Answer 24

MITOCHONDRION

Question 25

What is this organelle? - A digestive organelle where macromolecules are hydrolyzed.

Answer 25

LYSOSOME

Question 26

What is this organelle? - Organelle active in synthesis, modification, sorting and secretion of cell products.

Answer 26

GOLGI APPARATUS

Question 27

What is this organelle? - Complexes (small brown dots) that make proteins; free in cytosol or bound to rough ER or nuclear envelope.

Answer 27

RIBOSOMES

Question 28

What is this organelle? - The membrane enclosing the cell.

Answer 28

PLASMA MEMBRANE

Question 29

What is this organelle? - Double membrane enclosing the nucleus; perforated by pores; continuous with ER

Answer 29

NUCLEAR ENVELOPE

Question 30

What is this organelle? - Structure involved in production of ribosomes; a nucleus has one or more nucleoli.

Answer 30

NUCLEOLUS

Question 31

What is this organelle? - Material consisting of DNA and proteins; visible as individual chromosomes in a dividing cell.

Answer 31

CHROMATIN

Question 32

What organelle is this? - A network of membranous sacs and tubes; active in membrane synthesis and other synthetic and metabolic processes; has rough (ribosome-studded) and smooth regions.

Answer 32

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

Question 33

Organelles in animal cells but not plant cells:

Answer 33

1) LYSOSOMES 2) CENTROSOMES 3) FLAGELLA (but present in some plant sperm)

Question 34

BASIC FEATURES OF CELLS - Plasma membrane _______ the cell and_________ interactions between the cell and its environment.

Answer 34

ENCLOSES; MEDIATES

Question 35

BASIC FEATURES OF CELLS - Cells _____ and ______ DNA as ___________ _________ in the chromosomes.

Answer 35

USE; CARRYL HEREDITARY BLUEPRINTS

Question 36

BASIC FEATURES OF CELLS - Cells have ________ that synthesizes proteins.

Answer 36

RIBOSOMES

Question 37

BASCI FEATURES OF CELLS - Cells OBTAIN and UTILIZE ________ & ________.

Answer 37

ENERGY; NUTRIENTS

Question 38

BASIC FUNCTIONS OF CELLS - Cell function is _______ by cell size.

Answer 38

LIMITED

Question 39

BASIC FUNCTIONS OF CELLS - Cells are DIVERSE in ________ and _________.

Answer 39

FORM; FUNCTION

Question 40

This organelle provides INTERNAL COMPARTMENTALIZATION.

Answer 40

CELL MEMBRANE

Question 41

Provides local environments for varying processes to occur.

Answer 41

INTERNAL COMPARTMENTALIZATION

Question 42

TRUE OR FALSE: - Membrane are compatible to other membranes within the cell.

Answer 42

TRUE

Question 43

Cells are limited in size by ______________________ between their outer surface area and their volume.

Answer 43

SURFACE TO VOLUME RATIO

Question 44

The cell's nucleus can only control a certain amount of living __________ or ___________.

Answer 44

CYTOPLASM; CELL CONTENTS

Question 45

As the radius of a sphere increases, its volume increases more rapidly than its ______________.

Answer 45

SURFACE AREA

Question 46

The shape of a cell depends on its ____________.

Answer 46

FUNCTION