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quiz 10 Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

endocrine (ductless) glands

A

-pituitary gland
-thyroid gland
-parathyroid
-adrenal glands
-pancreas
-pineal gland
-thymus gland
-ovaries and testes

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2
Q

endocrine glands

A

-secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to control and integrate many bodily functions

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3
Q

target organ

A

organ or tissue that responds to a hormone

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4
Q

common conditions for endocrine pathologies

A

hypersecretion or hyposecretion of a hormone

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5
Q

why is the pituitary known as a master gland?

A

regulates many body activities, stimulates other glands to secrete specific hormones

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6
Q

hormones

A

chemicals secreted by endocrine glands into the bloodstream

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7
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

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8
Q

thyr/o, thyroid/o

A

thyroid gland

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9
Q

thym/o

A

thymus gland

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10
Q

aden/o

A

gland

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11
Q

adren/o, adrenal/o

A

adrenal glands

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12
Q

toxic/o, tox/o

A

poison

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13
Q

gluc/o, glyc/o, glycos/o

A

sugar, sweetness

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14
Q

home/o

A

same, alike

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15
Q

calc/o

A

calcium

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16
Q

crin/o

A

secrete

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17
Q

ophthalm/o

A

eye

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18
Q

-dipsia

A

thirst

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19
Q

-emia

A

blood

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20
Q

-genesis

A

forming, producing, origin

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21
Q

-trophy

A

development, nourishment

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22
Q

poly/dipsia

A

excessive (many, much) thirst

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23
Q

thyr/o/toxic

A

pertaining to poisonous activity of the thyroid

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24
Q

glycos/uria, glucos/uria

A

sugar in urine

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25
hyper/glyc/emia
blood with excessive or abnormal glucose
26
gluc/o/meter
instrument to measure sugar
27
poly/uria
excessive (many, much) urination
28
hypo/insulin/ism
condition of deficient insulin
29
endo/crine
secrete within (internally)
30
toxic/o/logist, toxic/o/log/ist
specialist in the study of poisons
31
pancreat/itis
inflammation of the pancreas
32
acr/o/megaly
enlargement of extremities
33
aden/oma
tumor of a gland
34
insulin/oma
tumor (composed of) insulin
35
tox/emia
blood (with a) poison (toxic substance)
36
graves disease
-exophthalmos -common form of hyperthyroidism -increased production of thyroid hormone -enlarged thyroid
37
exophthalmus
protruding eyeballs
38
thyroidectomy
excision of the thyroid gland
39
cushing syndrome
-hypersecretion of cortisol from the adrenal cortex
40
adrenalectomy
surgical removal of the adrenal gland
41
edema
swelling
42
hypertension
elevated blood pressure
43
growth hormone imbalance (ghi)
-acromegaly -gigantism -dwarfism -hypo or hyper secretion of growth hormone
44
homeostasis
regulation required to maintain a stable environment in the body
45
diabetes mellitus
group of metabolic diseases characterized by elevated glucose levels in insulin secretion, action, or both
46
type 1 diabetes mellitus
-insulin dependent -hyperglycemia -pancreas cannot produce enough insulin
47
type 2 diabetes mellitus
-non-insulin-dependent -body is unable to use insulin -insulin resistance
48
nephr/o/pathy
kidney disease
49
myxedema
advanced hypothyroidism in adults causing edema and increased blood pressure
50
obesity
excessive accumulation of body fat that may lead to an adverse effect on health, body mass index is greater than 30
51
osteoporosis
abnormal loss of bone density and deterioration of bone tissue with an increased risk of fractures
52
fasting blood glucose
measures blood glucose levels following a fast of at least 8 hours
53
glucose tolerance test
-measures blood glucose levels at regular intervals (usually 3 hours) -used to diagnose diabetes mellitus with higher accuracy than other blood glucose tests
54
glucometer
monitors blood glucose levels
55
radioactive iodine uptake (raiu) test
-administration of raiu in pill or liquid form -used as a tracer to test how quickly the thyroid gland uptakes iodine from the blood
56
thyroid function test
-detects increase or decrease in thyroid function -measures level of thyroid-stimulating hormone, triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4)
57
hyp/o/calcemia
blood condition of deficient calcium
58
hyp/er/calc/emia
blood condition of excessive calcium
59
thym/oma
tumor of thymus gland
60
thyromegaly
enlargement of the thyroid gland
61
transsphenoidal hypophysectomy
-endoscopic procedure to remove a pituitary tumor -incision of the sphenoid sinus (transsphenoidal) without disturbing brain tissue
62
thymectomy
-excision of thymus gland -used to remover tumors of thymus -used in treatment of myasthenia gravis
63
myasthenia gravis (mg)
commonly causes abnormalities of the thymus
64
rapid absorption insulin injection sites
1. abdomen 2. upper arm 3. thigh
65
slower absorption insulin injection sites
1. subcutaneous fat 2. hip 3. buttock area
66
where can you not inject insulin?
within 2 inches of the navel
67
lobectomy
surgical procedure to remove a lobe (of the thyroid)
68
adrenal carcinoma
malignant tumor of the adrenal gland
69
pheochromocytoma
tumor of the adrenal glands composed of chromaffin cells
70
hypophysectomy
surgical removal of the pituitary tumor endoscopically (through the nose)
71
hormone replacement therapy
-oral administration or injection of synthetic hormones -corrects deficiency in estrogen, testosterone, or thyroid hormone
72
oral hypoglycemics
stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic cells in non-insulin-dependent diabetics with some pancreatic function

Medical Vocab (14 decks)

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