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Medical Vocab > Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Flashcards

(90 cards)

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1
Q

Order of organizational levels

A

cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism

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2
Q

cellular level

A

smallest structural and functional unit of the body molecules combined to form cells

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3
Q

tissue level

A

groups of cells that work together to perform a specialized function

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4
Q

organ level

A

structures that are composed of two or more different types of tissue; specific function and recognizable shape

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5
Q

system level

A

related organs with a common function

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6
Q

organism level

A

collection of body systems that makes up the most complex level, all parts functioning together constitute the total organism

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7
Q

anterior (ventral)

A

front of the body; toward the front

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8
Q

posterior (dorsal)

A

back of the body; toward the back

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9
Q

inferior (caudal)

A

below or lower; toward the tail

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10
Q

superior (cephalic, cranial)

A

above or higher; toward the head

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11
Q

proximal

A

near the point of attachment to the trunk or a structure

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12
Q

distal

A

farther from the point of attachment to the trunk or a structure

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13
Q

lateral

A

pertaining to the side; toward the side

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14
Q

medial

A

pertaining to the middle; toward the midline

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15
Q

median (midsagittal) plane

A

vertical plane that passes through the midline of the body and divides the body or organ into equal right and left sides

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16
Q

frontal (coronal) plane

A

plane that divides he body into anterior and posterior portions

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17
Q

horizontal (transverse) plane

A

plane that separates the body into superior and inferior portions

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18
Q

body cavities

A

protect, separate, and support internal organs

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19
Q

dorsal (posterior) cavity

A

divided into cranial and spinal
contains the brain and spinal cord

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20
Q

ventral (anterior) cavity

A

divided into thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic (abdominopelvic)

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21
Q

thoracic cavity

A

contains lungs and heart

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22
Q

abdominopelvic cavity

A

subdivided into abdominal and pelvic cavity
contains organs of the digestive and reproductive system

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23
Q

quadrants

A

locate specific sites of abdominal organs
four sections

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24
Q

RUQ

A

right upper quadrant
contains the right lobe of the liver, the gallbladder, part of the pancreas, and part of the small and large intestine

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25
RLQ
right lower quadrant contains part of the small and large intestine, the appendix, the right ovary, the right fallopian tube, and the right ureter
26
LUQ
left upper quadrant contains the left lobe of the liver, the stomach, the spleen, part of the pancreas, and part of the small and large intestine
27
LLQ
left lower quadrant contains part of the small and large intestine, the left ovary, the left fallopian tube, and the left ureter
28
Abdominopelvic regions
used to locate organs, origin of pain, and pathologies
29
right hypochondriac
upper right region located under the cartilage of the ribs
30
left hypochondriac
upper left region located under the cartilage of the ribs
31
right lumbar
middle right region located near the waist
32
left lumbar
middle left region located near the waist
33
right iliac (inguinal)
lower right region located near the groin
34
left iliac (inguinal)
lower left region located near the groin
35
epigastric
middle region located above the stomach
36
umbilical
middle region located in the area of umbilicus, or navel
37
hypogastric
lower middle region located below the stomach and umbilical region
38
chondr/o
cartilage
39
cyt/o
cell
40
hist/o
tissue
41
nucle/o
nucleus
42
super/o
upper, above
43
infer/o
lower, below
44
later/o
side, to one side
45
anter/o
anterior, front
46
poster/p
back (of body), behind, posterior
47
medi/o
middle
48
ventr/o
belly, belly side
49
cado/o
tail
50
cephal/o
head
51
cervic/o
neck; cervix uteri (neck of uterus)
52
gastr/o
stomach
53
thorac/o
chest
54
umbilic/al
around the umbilicus (navel)
55
epigastr/ic
above the stomach
56
hypo/gastr/ic
beneath the umbilicus
57
left inguin/al
on left lower side near the groin (ileus)
58
right lumb/ar
on right middle side near the waist
59
cyt/o/meter
instrument to measure cells
60
medi/ad
toward the middle
61
hist/o/lysis
separation, destruction, or loosening of tissue
62
thorac/ic
pertaining to the chest
63
cervic/al
pertaining to the neck
64
peri/umbilic/al
pertaining to area around the umbilicus
65
crani/o/meter
instrument to measure the cranium (skull)
66
chondr/oma
tumor composed of cartilage
67
gastr/istis
inflammation of the stomach
68
adhesion
band of scar tissue binding anatomical surfaces that are normally separate from each other
69
endoscopy
visual examination of the interior of organs and cavities with a specialized lighted instrument called an endoscope
70
fluoroscopy
radiographic technique that uses a fluorescent screen to produce a visual image from x-rays resulting in continuous imaging of the motion of internal structures and immediate serial images
71
inflammation
protective response of body tissues to irritation, infection, or allergy
72
sepsis
body's inflammatory response to infection, in which there is fever, elevated heart and respiratory rates, and low blood pressure
73
ultrasonography
imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) that bounce off body tissues and are recorded to produce an image of an internal organ or tissue
74
endoscopy
visual examination of an organ or cavity with and endoscope used for biopsy, coagulation, and fluid aspiration
75
radiograph (x-ray)
ionizing radiation waves (x-ray) pass through the body onto a photographic film to produce and image of internal structures radiopaque dye may be required for radiographs of soft tissue
76
magnetic resonance imagine (mri)
radiographic procedure that uses electromagnetic energy to produce multiplanar cross-sectional images of the body exceptional detail of soft tissues
77
ultrasound (us)
ultra-high-frequency sound waves emitted by a transducer or probe to produce an image of a body structure on a computer screen handheld us transducer emits sound waves as it is moved back and forth over the organ or structure examined sound transmission optimized with gel placed on the skin, possible to place us probes inside a body cavity
78
positron emission tomography (pet)
radioactive chemical (tracer) is introduced into the body tracer accumulates in the most rapidly metabolizing tissues positively charged particles (positrons) emitted in a body region and detected by a device called a gamma camera to produce an image identification of areas of increased and decreased metabolic activity areas of increased metabolism possibly indicate a tumor, areas of decreased metabolism possible indicated Alzheimers, Parkinsons, or epilepsy
79
endo/scopy
visual examination within (an organ)
80
ultra/son/o/graphy
process of recording (images using frequencies) beyond sound
81
gastr/o/scope
instrument for examining the stomach
82
endo/scope
instrument to examine within (the body)
83
tom/o/graphy
process of recording cuts (slices of organs or tissues)
84
cyt/o/logist
specialist in the study of cells
85
hemat/o/logy
study of blood
86
therm/o/meter
instrument for measuring heat
87
radi/o/logist
specialist int he study of x-rays
88
gastr/o/logy
study of stomach disorders
89
anastomosis
surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow the flow from one to the other
90
cauterize
process of burning abnormal tissue with electricity, freezing, heat, or chemicals (silver nitrate) usually performed to destroy damaged or diseased tissues or coagulate blood vessels

Medical Vocab (14 decks)

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