Quiz 2: Chemical Level of Organization

Question 1

(CH2O)n

Answer 1

Carbohydrates

Question 2

3-7 Carbon Atoms (glucose and fructose)

Answer 2

Monossacchrides

Question 3

Two monosaccharides combines (sucrose and lactose)

Answer 3

Disaccharides

Question 4

Two molecules with the same chemical formula but different shapes

Answer 4

Isomer

Question 5

Three or more monosaccharides bound together

Answer 5

Polysaccharide

Question 6

Structural element of cell wall of plants (humans can’t digest)

Answer 6

Cellulose

Question 7

Long chains of glucose strung together (does not taste sweet)

Answer 7

Starch

Question 8

Highly BRANCHED chains of glucose (animal starch)

Answer 8

Glycogen

Question 9

Carbohydrates bound to proteins or lipids (glycoproteins/glycolids)

Answer 9

Conjugated Carbohydrates

Question 10

Combine glucose and fructose to create…

Answer 10

Disaccharide - Sucrose

Question 11

Tastes sweet/hydrophilic

Answer 11

Isomer

Question 12

Hexagonal Monosaccharide

Answer 12

Glucose

Question 13

Pentagonal Monosaccharide

Answer 13

Fructose

Question 14

made/stored in liver, also stored in muscles, does not taste sweet

Answer 14

Glycogen

Question 15

Fat molecules - hydrophobic

Answer 15

Lipids

Question 16

composed of a long carbon chain with a carboxylic acid(-COOH) group at one end (hydrophilic)

Answer 16

Fatty acids

Question 17

molecule composed entirely of single

bonds between adjacent carbons

Answer 17

Saturated Molecule

Question 18

When you have one or moredouble bonds between adjacent carbons

Answer 18

Unsaturated Molecule

Question 19

ONE double bond between adjacent carbon atoms

Answer 19

monounsaturated

Question 20

TWO or more double bonds between adjacent carbon atoms

Answer 20

Polyunsaturated

Question 21

Fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule

Answer 21

Glycerides

Question 22

Glycerol (alcohol) + three fatty acid groups (how your body stores fat/lipids)

Answer 22

Triglyceride

Question 23

a diglyceride attached to a non-lipid group via a phosphate group

Answer 23

Phospholipids

Question 24

Hydrophilic Head/Hydrophobic Tails

Answer 24

Phospholipids

Question 25

a diglyceride attached to a carbohydrate; amphiphilic

Answer 25

Glycolipids

Question 26

contain nitrogen, in addition to carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Answer 26

Proteins

Question 27

Proteins - Composed of...

Answer 27

Composed of amino acids, linked by peptide bonds... Essential amino acids - must have in diet Non-essential - body can manufacture

Question 28

Linear protein structure

Answer 28

Primary

Question 29

Coil or Pleated protein structure

Answer 29

Secondary

Question 30

Protein structure: ONE strand - ball of string or rope

Answer 30

Tertiary

Question 31

Protein structure: MULTIPLE strands - ball of string or rope

Answer 31

Quaternary

Question 32

Biological catalysts of the body

Answer 32

Enzymes

Question 33

Combination of protein and carbohydrate molecules

Answer 33

Conjugated Proteins

Question 34

DNA

Answer 34

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Question 35

RNA

Answer 35

Ribonucleic Acid

Question 36

DNA and RNA

Answer 36

Nucleic Acid

Question 37

sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) + phosphate group + nitrogenous base

Answer 37

Nucleotide

Question 38

Basic unit of nucleic acid

Answer 38

Nucleotide

Question 39

adenine, THYMINE, cytosine, guanine - DOUBLE strand (double helix)

Answer 39

DNA Bases

Question 40

adenine, URACIL, cytosine, guanine - SINGLE strand

Answer 40

RNA Bases

Question 41

Messenger from DNA to other parts of the body

Answer 41

RNA Bases

Question 42

ATP

Answer 42

Adenosine triphosphate

Question 43

The main high-energy compound off living systems

Answer 43

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Question 44

Used for in chemical bonds within the body/Constantly being used and replaced

Answer 44

ATP/ADP

Question 45

Much larger molecules/Thousands of atoms

Answer 45

Carbon & Organic molecules