Topic 5: The Integumentary System

Question 1

Epidermis layers from deepest to top.

Answer 1

Stratum Basale
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Corneum

Question 2

Deepest layer of epidermis

Answer 2

Stratum Basale

Question 3

Synthesis of keratin/Second deepest layer of epidermis

Answer 3

Stratum Spinosum

Question 4

Helps manufacture keratin/Third layer (of 5) in epidermis

Answer 4

Stratum Granulosum

Question 5

Present only in thick skin/Second outermost layer of epidermis

Answer 5

Stratum Lucidum

Question 6

20-30 layer of flattened, keratinized dead cells/outermost layer of epidermis

Answer 6

Stratum Corneum

Question 7

Composed of connective tissue, and housing muscle fibers, blood vessels,hair follicles, exocrine glands, and sensory nerve fibers

Answer 7

Dermis

Question 8

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 8

Epidermis

Question 9

Two layers of the dermis

Answer 9

Papillary and Reticular

Question 10

Layer of the dermis made of loose connective tissue directly underlying the epidermis.

Answer 10

Papillary Layer

Question 11

Associated only with the thick skin of the hands and feet. Due to the pulling of elastic fibers in the papillary layer.

Answer 11

Dermal Ridges

Question 12

Quite distensible and resilient; when over-stretched, it tears,producing ‘stretch marks’

Answer 12

Reticular Layer

Question 13

loose connective tissue and adiposetissue interlaced with blood vessels

Answer 13

Subcutaneous Layer

Question 14

Serves as heat insulator and energy reservoir

Answer 14

Adipose tissue

Question 15

Adipose tissue is generally ___ thicker in ________.

Answer 15

8% thicker in women.

Question 16

Binds skin to underlying organs

Answer 16

Subcutaneous Layer

Question 17

Cause of pink skin coloration

Answer 17

blood flow in dermis and subcutaneous layers

Question 18

Cause of temporary yellowish pigment acquired through diet

Answer 18

Carotene

Question 19

Permanent cause of yellowish pigment found primarily among people of East Asian descent

Answer 19

Thicker Stratum Corneum - more structural protein keratin.

Question 20

Cause of brown skin

Answer 20

Higher production of melanin by melanocytes

Question 21

Small, isolated patches of highly concentrated melanin

Answer 21

Freckles

Question 22

________ generally have lighter skin. (men or women)

Answer 22

Women

Question 23

Two things that prevent excessive amounts of UV radiation from reaching lower mitotic cell layers/dividing cells of stratum germinativum anddermis

Answer 23

Melanin and Thicker stratum corneum.

Question 24

Lack of ________ will cause _______ in children and _______ in adults.

Answer 24

Vitamin D
Rickets
Osteomalacia

Question 25

Production of vitamin D starts with sufficient amounts of UV radiation reaching the _______.

Answer 25

Dermis

Question 26

In areas of extreme low UV exposure (far north or south), ____ ____ will result in decreased production of _________.

Answer 26

Dark skin | Vitamin D

Question 27

Vitamin D is necessary for proper _____ _____.

Answer 27

Bone growth

Question 28

Rickets symptoms

Answer 28

Bowing of bones

Question 29

Osteomalacia symptoms

Answer 29

Fatigue, muscle/joint pain

Question 30

______ skin is more susceptible to damage in extreme cold.

Answer 30

Dark

Question 31

Houses the hair

Answer 31

Follicle

Question 32

Zone of actively dividing cells at the base of the hair

Answer 32

Bulb

Question 33

Only part of hair with living cells

Answer 33

Bulb

Question 34

Column of flattened, dead keratinized cells within the follicle.

Answer 34

Root

Question 35

Column of flattened, dead keratinized cells external to skin surface.

Answer 35

Shaft

Question 36

Muscle attached to hair follicle surface and dermis

Answer 36

Arrector Pili muscle

Question 37

Muscle responsible for goose bumps

Answer 37

Arrector Pili Muscle

Question 38

Responsible for pigmentation of hair

Answer 38

Melanocytes located at the base of hair bulb

Question 39

Cause of red hair

Answer 39

Iron

Question 40

Function of hair.

Answer 40

Protection and Identification

Question 41

Those of ________ descent have the most dense distribution of hair.

Answer 41

European

Question 42

_____ _____ and ___________ have the least dense hair distribution.

Answer 42

East Asians and Amerindians