Quiz 2 Prep- Classical Conditioning Flashcards
(34 cards)
Define classical conditioning
The learning of a contingency between a particular signal and a later event that are paired in time and/or space
Who created classical conditioning
Ivan Pavlov
What’s another name for classical conditioning
“Pavlovian” conditioning
Define Instrumental conditioning
Allows us to associate actions and consequences
Who did the famous conditioning experiment
Pavlov
What did Pavlov discover in his experiment
Dogs could be conditioned to salivate at the sound of a bell if that sound was repeatedly presented at the same time that they were given food
Define contingencies
When one stimulus reliably predicts the presentation of another (ex seeing lightning before hearing thunder)
What does an organism learn in a contingency
Difference between signal and event
Define unconditioned stimulus
Unconditionally and automatically triggers a response in the absence of any learning
What does the unconditioned stimulus trigger?
Unconditioned response
Define unconditioned response
The response that occurs after the unconditioned stimulus and occurs naturally, prior to learning
Define conditioned stimulus
Previously neutral stimulus that becomes associated with an unconditioned stimulus to trigger a response on its own
- produce a learned contingency
Example of conditioned stimulus
Sight and smell of lemon becomes CS after being repeatedly paired with the US of lemon juice being placed in the mouth
Define conditioned response
The response that occurs once the contingency between the CS and US has been learned
Define acquisition
The process by which a contingency between a CS and US is learned
What type of curve does the acquisition follow
Negatively accelerated increasing curve
Where does most of the learning take place in forming contingencies
In the early trials
How long does a contingency last
As long as the condition stimulus continues to be a reliable cue for the unconditioned stimulus
What will happen if the condition stimulus is no longer reliable
The condition response will fade/ extinguish
Define extinction
The loss of the CR when the CS no longer predicts the US
- over several trials the response becomes weaker as CS is no longer is a valid predictor
What does the neutral stimulus become when paired with an unconditioned stimulus
It will begin to elicit a response called the conditioned response, as it becomes the conditioned stimulus
What happens to contingencies in extinction
Extinction leads to learning of a new inhibitory response, not unlearning of the original contingency
Define spontaneous recovery
The sudden recovery of a conditional response following the rest period after extinction
Example of spontaneous activity
If a child associated the sound of the ice cream truck with her mother giving her some change to get ice cream. The child may hear the truck and run to their mother for the change. However, if the mother did not have change for a few times in a row, the child might stop the behavior (extinction), but then after a couple of weeks, she hears the truck again and runs to her mother for change.
