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Large Animal Med > Quiz 6 > Flashcards

Quiz 6 Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

sanitation

A

major tool to curb disease, especially in baby pigs
-thorough cleaning of farrowing facilities
-washing sows prior to placing in crates
-daily removal of manure
-all in, all out

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2
Q

proper temperature

A

maximizes animal resistance
pig 85 F
sow 65 F
put temp at high level of what sow will tolerate, add more for piglets (heating pads)

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3
Q

piling pigs

A

too cold

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4
Q

spread out

A

too hot

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5
Q

just touching

A

ideal temp

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6
Q

noisy

A

hungry

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7
Q

pigs of different age groups should be housed separately

A

true, also put same size together
this is due to pecking order and cerebral recognition

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8
Q

controlling swine disease

A

moving and mixing of animals should be minimized
exposure of replacement gilts to breeding herd prior to conception enables immunity
herd health program
records!
vet should make routine visits and active in management team
operator must control flow of traffic (never backtrack from immune barns to lower immunity barns)

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9
Q

passive immunity

A

stimulates Ab production in dam which is passed to piglets via colostrum
important to provide immediate protection to piglets to avoid devastating diseases

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10
Q

active immunity

A

repel active adult diseases especially reproductive diseases

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11
Q

injection

A

IM or SQ, easier to give IM due to not much loose skin
killed or MLV

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12
Q

Kohler method

A

incubate E. Coli in milk, feed milk to preg females prior to farrowing

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13
Q

TGE

A

feed intestinal tracts from piglets that died from this disease to sows in gestation

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14
Q

new generation vaccines

A

trigger immune response without causing disease
consist of injecting only the immunogenic subunit of organism of live recombinant DNA vaccine which expresses the subunit when it replicates

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15
Q

slaughter checks

A

effective way to monitor herd health

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16
Q

slaughter check purpose

A

look for abnormal tissue

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17
Q

slaughter check goal

A

minimize, eliminate, or control disease problems by revealing disease prevalence, severity of lesions and possible causes of disease not always apparent

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18
Q

pneumonia

A

common in slaughter swine
mycoplasma, pasturella, bordetella, salmonella, lungworms, and influenza

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19
Q

atrophic rhinitis

A

bordetella bronchosepticum bacteria
caused by inadequate ventilation
cut snout at level of 2nd cheek tooth and measure the turbinate athrophy and septal deviation
-black rings arounf eyes
-disease attacks sinus, snout can deviate
vaccs and treatments help but can’t eliminate

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20
Q

parasite control

A

ascarid (large roundworm) is most common parasite of swine & biggest
negative fecal means nothing, migration to live occurs frequently
- fecal means no femals producing eggs
% you dont kill with dewormer are most resistant, destroy liver, lungs wherever conveintent

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21
Q

reproductive examination

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A

look at repro tracts for ovarian function and infectious repro diseases in the cull herd

22
Q

misc problems

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A

streptococcus abscesses (very contagious and common)
TB
mange (live in epidermis, must draw blood to culture)
erysipelas (bacterial, cause high fever in piglets)

23
Q

infectious swine reproductive diseases

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A

not only cause abortions, but also decrease productive efficiency

24
Q

SMEDI syndrome

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A

stillbirths, mummified, embrionic death and infertility
frequent good vacc, only in gilts

25
viral diseases that cause SMEDI
parvovirus enterovirus adenvirus reovirus
26
parvovirus
greatest concern in swine reproductive failure infection during first month of gestation results in fetal death and resorption infection during 2nd month results in mummified fetuses and small litter infection during last trimester has no effect abortion seldem seen diagnose by direct flurorescent ab on mummified piglets prevention is by exposure of gilts to natural infection prior to breeding vacc effective
27
bacterial disease that cause SMEDI
leptospirosis brucellosis eperythrozoonosis
28
leptospirosis
abortion, stillbirths, creased baby pig survival, ***infertile L. pomona is main strain that causes incubation period= 1-2 weeks clinical signs= moderate fever, anorexia, jaundice organism is shed in urine 10 days post infection -1st trimester= no effects -2nd trimester= fetal death and resorption -3rd trimester= abortion source of infection= urine, contaminated water dx: Ab titer prevention= vacc prior to breeding
29
brucellosis
etiology: brucella suis abortion and fertility/ sterility dx: standard card test (agglutination) prevention: eradication veneral disease that effects epididimus of boar
30
eperythrozoonosis
small parasite on RBC no estrus, infertility, abortion, weak ,anemic pigs, produce no milk dx: newly developed serum test (get blood from jugular) tx: arsanilic acid, pulled off market prevention: test breeding herd semi-annually
31
consider infectious reproductive diseases when
see repeat breeders, mummified fetuses, stillborn pigs, abortions, small litters or weak pigs send fetal tissue to lab and maternal blood for diagnosis
32
diseases of boars
seldom run together b/c don't get along boar fertility decreases when pyrexia occurs can get: pseudorabies, brucellosis, erysipelas and influenza, vacc every 6 mo decreased fertility-takes 2 months to return to normal increased ambient temp decreases fertility keep multiple and seperate, so if one if sick can use other
33
periparturient hypogalactia syndrome
results in baby pig death due to immunosuppression and poor performance restless baby pigs indicate problem, so palpate mammory chain prior to farrowing for mastitis, excessively hard, edematous glands if disease starts in gut, constipation occurs due to decreased water consumption prognosis for life good prognosis for lactation bad, cull sow if udders bad decrease pig mortality by cross fostering
34
hypogalactia
decrease in milk production, usually temporary
35
dysgalactia
impairment of inital lactation
36
primiparous
first litter
37
multiparous
multiple litters
38
PHS treatment
establish milk flow -oxytocin given once every 45 min to contract smooth muscle to made milk that is already made available choose proper antibotic therapy traquilizers may be needed to quiet sows and stimulate milk production (wine or beer) consider banamine to eliminate endotoxins and pain
39
PHS prevention
decrease stressors such as management, nurtition, and ventiliation
40
PRRS
porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome affinity for macrophages in lung (part of body defenses) virus multiplies inside them producing more virus and kills macrophages (40%) allows bacteria and other viruses to proliferate and do damage
41
baby pig anemia
etiology= iron deficiency results from denying pigs access to Fe in soil Fe is critical in forming hemoglobin
42
hemoglobin
protein that makes up 1/3 of weight of RBC carries O2 from lungs to body tissue abnormal results show hemoglobin <9 g/ 100 mL
43
Fe deficiency results from
low body storage of Fe in newborn low Fe content of sow's colostrum and milk lack of contact with Fe in soil rapid growth rate of nursing pig
44
acute anemia signs
labored breathing, "thumps"= spasmodic movement of diaphragm muscles following exercise. Fast growing pigs may die suddenly due to decrease oxygen, lowers resistance
45
chronic anemia signs
poor growth, listlessness, rough hair coat, wrinkled skin and paleness to mucous membrane
46
baby pig anemia diagnosis
necropsy- increased heart and spleen, very watery fluid in chest and abdomen, thin watery blood, pale mm response to therapy
47
baby pig anemia prevention
oral- questionable injectable 1 cc IM at 3 and 10 days
48
colibacillosis
E. coli scours etiology: E.coli bacteria organism produces potent enterotoxin and large amounts of liquid feces )yellow) produced and results in rapid dehydration and acidosis pigs are thirsty and continue to eat and drink until they are too weak or depressed edema occurs in eyelids, SQ wall of stomach/ intestine of brain owners find dead unexpectedly
49
neonatal enteric colibacillosis
occurs in pigs <7 days old
50
postweaning colibacillosis
triggered by stress associated wiht weaning 1. decrease in maternal ab 2. change in diet, free choice dry feed 3. social stress 4. chilling (not as warm as nursery) 5. onset of viral infection
51
colibacillosis prevention
sanitation- keep clean and dry good nutrition good ventilation- humidity low decrease exposure from infected pig temperature warm (bacteria like cool and damp area) vaccinate
52
colibacillosis diagnosis
via lab to see what type

Large Animal Med (9 decks)

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