Range of Motion (Quiz 1/Test 1)

Question 1

In lateral flexion in the cervical and thoracic region, the spinous processes rotate contralaterally (opposite side of lateral flexion), vertebral bodies are in ___________________, spinous processes are in convexity

Answer 1

concavity (ipsilaterally)

Question 2

In lateral flexion in the lumbar region, the vertebral bodies rotate contralaterally (opposite side of lateral flexion), spinous process are in concavity, and vertebral bodies are in convexity. The automatic rotation depends on two mechanisms. What are these 2 mechanisms?

Answer 2

1) compression of IVDs
2) stretching of ligaments

(scoliosis is a fixed rotation state of the vertebrae)

Question 3

Flexion and extension takes place on which plane?

Answer 3

sagittal plane

Question 4

Lateral flexion takes place on which plane?

Answer 4

coronal plane

Question 5

Rotation takes place on which plane?

Answer 5

transverse plane

Question 6

Abnormal end feel include early and late muscle spasm due to pain, or what other causes?

quiz/test question

Answer 6

-mushy tissue stretch (spasticity) -quiz 1
-hard capsular end feel as seen in frozen shoulder
-soft capsular end feel as seen in synovitis
-bone to bone in unexpected areas as seen in osteoarthritis- test 1
-empty as seen in subacromial bursitis
-springy block, as seen with a meniscal tear or internal knee swelling

Question 7

Are AROM or PROM movements done first?

Answer 7

AROM are done first because it’s less invasive (but should be avoided if there is a suspected fracture/fracture healing)

Question 8

What are some causes of decreased AROM?

Answer 8

-pain
-weakness
-paralysis
-spasm
-tight or shortened muscles
-altered neuromuscular factors (abnormal firing patterns)

Question 9

Inability to move a joint through its ROM is called…

Answer 9

Lag

Question 10

When is PROM done?

Answer 10

-done to determine the available anatomical ROM and end feel
-tissue may be hypermobile or hypomobile if abnormal

Question 11

What is another name for PROM?

Answer 11

Anatomical movements (and the end of the motion is called the anatomical barrier)

Question 12

Range of motion is measured with the naked eye or….

Answer 12

goniometer or inclinometer

Question 13

To what degree should the average person be able to flex their cervical spine?

test q

Answer 13

40 degrees

Question 14

To what degree should the average person be able to extend their cervical spine?

test q

Answer 14

75 degrees

Question 15

To what degree should the average person be able to laterally flex their cervical spine?

test q

Answer 15

45 degrees both L/R

Question 16

To what degree should the average person be able to rotate their cervical spine?

test q

Answer 16

80-90 degrees both L/R

Question 17

To what degree should the average person be able to flex their thoraco-lumbar spine?

test q

Answer 17

105 degrees

Question 18

To what degree should the average person be able to extend their thoracic spine?

test q

Answer 18

60 degrees

Question 19

To what degree should the average person be able to laterally flex their thoracic spine?

test q

Answer 19

20 degrees both L/R

Question 20

To what degree should the average person be able to rotate their thoracic spine?

test q

Answer 20

35 degrees

Question 21

To what degree should the average person be able to flex their lumbar spine?

test q

Answer 21

60 degrees

Question 22

To what degree should the average person be able to extend their lumbar spine?

test q

Answer 22

35 degrees

Question 23

To what degree should the average person be able to laterally flex their lumbar spine?

test q

Answer 23

20 degrees both L/R

Question 24

To what degree should the average person be able to rotate their lumbar spine?

test q

Answer 24

5 degrees