Redox & Reactivity Flashcards
(29 cards)
What are the properties of alklai metals?
- group 1
- have 1 electron in outer shell, which they lose when reacting with non-metals
What happens when you mix an alkali metal with water?
- produces a metal hydroxide (alkali) & hydrogen
Alkali Metal + Water to Alkali Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen
2M(s) + 2H20(l) to 2MOH(aq) + H2(g) - will turn universal indicator blue
What happens when lithium reacts with water?
floats, all reacts & disappears, fizzes & moved
What happens when sodium reacts with water?
floats on water, all reacts & disappears, more fizzing & moves faster
What happens when potassium reacts with water?
floats on water, all reacts & disappears, even more fizzing & moves faster
What is reactivity in group 1 like?
reactivity increases down the group
- outer electron is further from the nucleus so experiences more shielding - it’s easier to lose outer electron
What are the properties of the halogen?
- group 7
- 7 electrons in outer shell, need to gain 1 more electron when reacting with metals, will react with non-metals to form molecules by sharing electrons
- always diatomic on their own: Cl2, Br2, I2
What colour is flourine?
pale yellow gas
What colour is chlorine?
pale green gas
What colour is bromine?
orange/brown liquid
red/brown vapour
What colour is iodine?
grey solid
purple vapour
What is reactivity in group 7 like?
reactivity decreases down the group
- outer electrons are further from nucleus & experience more shielding - it’s harder to gain new electrons
What happens in halogen displacement?
a more reactive halogen will replace a less reactive one from its compound
What happens in metal displacement?
a more reactive metal will replace a less reactive one from its compound
What is the order of reactivity in metals?
Penguins - Potassium
Swim - Sodium
Left - Lithium
Chasing - Calcium
Mice - Magnesium
And - Aluminium
Zebras - Zinc
In - Iron
Tiny - Tin
Little - Lead
Cars - Copper
Making - Mercury
Silly - Silver
Giggling - Gold
Which metals react with water?
Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Which metals react with acids?
Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Zinc
Iron
Tin
Lead
Which metals react with oxygen?
Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Zinc
Iron
Tin
Lead
Copper
Mercury
Silver
What is oxidation?
addition of oxygen
loss of electrons
electrons on right
What is reduction?
removal of oxygen
gain of electrons
electrons on left
What is redox?
reaction where both oxidation & reduction occur
What is an oxidising agent?
oxidises another species, is reduced itself
gains electrons
What is a reducing agent?
reduces another species, oxidises itself
loses electrons
What does a half equation represent?
loss or gain of electrons
