Relationships

Question 1

What are some factors in relationship formation?

Answer 1

need for affiliation
proximity / similarity
reciprocity
disclosure
physical attractiveness

Question 2

Berschied and Reis (1998) - varibales associated with loneliness

Answer 2

dispositional factors
social circumstance
social cognitive tendencies

Question 3

What is assortative mating?

Answer 3

people with similar traits are more likely to pair up e.g background and personality

Question 4

Roberts (2018) - proximity + similarity for eldery

Answer 4

two factors may be important for elder men and women living in residential care

Question 5

What is the gain loss hypothesis?

Answer 5

we like those the most who initially dislike us but then start to like us
we dislike those who initially like us but then become cold and distant

Question 6

What is premature disclosure?

Answer 6

revealing details and information too early

Question 7

What is dishonest disclosure?

Answer 7

intentionally withholding or misrepresenting information

Question 8

What is factual disclosure?

Answer 8

revealing accurate and verifiable info

Question 9

Laurenceau, Barrett and Rovine (2005) - self disclosure predicts what?

Answer 9

self disclosure predicts partner responsiveness which depicts stronger feelings of closeness

Question 10

Kudo and Simkin (2003) interviews with japanese students findings?

Answer 10

found factors impacting on development of friendship was: frequent contact
similarity
self disclosure

Question 11

Bleske-Rechek & Lighthall (2010) - attractiveness in friends

Answer 11

friends tend to be of similar attractiveness

Question 12

What are some factors in relationship maintenance?

Answer 12

signalling commitment
shared activities
support
intimacy process model
interpreting information
forgiveness

Question 13

What is an example of failing to display appropriate signals of commitment?

Answer 13

forgetting a birthday
more detrimental to romantic relationship than friendship

Question 14

What is the self expansion model?

Answer 14

people have motivation to expand their sense of self by incorporating the resources and identities of others

Question 15

Reissman et al (1993) - shared activities

Answer 15

say shared activities can lead to relationship satisfaction

Question 16

What is the intimacy process model? (Reis and Shaver, 1988)

Answer 16

intimacy develops within relationship through a dynamic process of self disclosure and perception of partners positive response to that disclosure

Question 17

information processing in a relationship

Answer 17

same events may be interpreted very differently by different people

Question 18

Felmless (1995) - fatal attraction phenomenon

Answer 18

qualities that are initially attractive in a partner become same qualities that end relationship

Question 19

McFarland and Ross (1987) - memories in relationships

Answer 19

memories of past feeling are distorted by current feelings about a relationship

Question 20

Long distance relationships (Kelmer et al, 2013)

Answer 20

LDRs typically report higher levels of dedication, relationship quality, trust and commitment

Question 21

Disclosure and long distance (Jiang and Hancock, 2013)

Answer 21

LDRs appear to engage in more adaptive self disclosure which may promote intimacy

Question 22

Who experienced a greater decline in emotional well-being in pandemic (Yang and ma, 2020)

Answer 22

married people over unmarried people

Question 23

What was there an increase in following the pandemic? (Prasso, 2020)

Answer 23

increased number of filings for divorce

Question 24

What percentage of people reported positive changes in relationship satisfaction during pandemic? (Schmid, 2021)

Answer 24

20%

Question 25

What percentage of people reported negative changes in relationship satisfaction during pandemic? (Schmid, 2021)

Answer 25

40%

Question 26

Stanley and Markman's (2020) 3 strategies therapists can use to help couples

Answer 26

- make it safe to connect - do your part - decide, don't slide

Question 27

What are some issues that leads to relationship dissolution?

Answer 27

partner fails to meet expectations desire for freedom love isn't reciprocated

Question 28

Levinger (1980) 4 factors indicating end of relationship

Answer 28

new life seems to be only solution alternative partners available expectation that relationship will fail lack of commitment to continuing relationship

Question 29

Collins and Goliath (2012) break up strategies questionnaire

Answer 29

personality predicts selection of break up strategy e.g women high on machiavellianism are more likely to use manipulation

Question 30

What are some break up strategies?

Answer 30

avoidance / withdrawal open confrontation manipulation distant communication

Question 31

Duck (1988) relationship dissolution model (stages)

Answer 31

intrapsychic phase dyadic phase social phase grave-dressing phase

Question 32

Sprecher et al (1998) - consequences of dissolution

Answer 32

those initiating the breakup report lower levels of distress after the break up

Question 33

Griffith et al (2017) - reasons for staying with an ex

Answer 33

security practical civility unresolved romantic issues