Renal

Question 1

ADPKD is accompanied by (3 congenital anomalies)

Answer 1

Hepatic cysts
Berry aneurism
Mitral prolapse

Question 2

PKD1 is located on Chr. __

Answer 2

16

Question 3

PKD2 is located on Chr. __

Answer 3

4

Question 4

ARPKD presents mostly in

Answer 4

Infants

Question 5

ARPKD happens from mutation in

Answer 5

PKDH1

Question 6

ARPKD- Renal unrelated symptoms

Answer 6

Lung hypoplasia

Question 7

Where are the cysts located in PKD?

Answer 7

Medullary and cortical

Question 8

ARPKD is associated with what sequence

Answer 8

Potter

Question 9

Kidney stones are called

Answer 9

Urolithiasis

Question 10

Most common kidney stones

Answer 10

Calcium stones

Question 11

Calcium stones are composed of

Answer 11

Calcium oxalate

Calcium phosphate

Question 12

Calcium stones color

Answer 12

Brown-Black

Question 13

Less common kidney stones are

Answer 13

Struvite stones
Uric acid stones
Cystine stones

Question 14

Struvite stones are composed of

Answer 14

Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate

Question 15

Struvite stones color

Answer 15

Grey-Yellow

Question 16

Uric acid stones are due to

Answer 16

Gout

Rapid cell turnover

Question 17

Uric acid stones color

Answer 17

White/Orange

Question 18

Symptoms of kidney stones

Answer 18

Lower back pain
Vomiting
Painful urination
Hematuria

Question 19

Acute interstitial nephritis also called

Answer 19

Tubulointerstitial nephritis

Question 20

Causes for Tubulointerstitial nephritis

Answer 20

Acute bacterial pyelonephritis
Chronic pyelonephritis
Infections
Drugs

Question 21

Pyelonephritis=

Answer 21

Inflammation of tubules, interstitium, calyces, renal pelvis

Question 22

Acute pyelonephritis caused by

Answer 22

E.coli
Proteus mirabilis
Klebsiella
Enterococcus

Question 23

Pyelonephritis is usually a consequence of

Answer 23

Ascending urinary tract infection

Question 24

Predisposing factor for Pyelonephritis

Answer 24

Catheter
Diabetes
Pregnancy

Question 25

Acute pyelonephritis morphology

Answer 25

Enlarged kidney 1-3 mm yellow abscesses on surface and parenchyma Aggregates of neutrophils in tubules Tubular necrosis

Question 26

Causes of chronic pyelonephritis

Answer 26

Reflux nephropathy Chronic obstruction Recurrent infections

Question 27

Chronic pyelonephritis morphology

Answer 27

Scarring Dilated calyces with thick mucosa Fibrosis Lymphoid infiltration (micro)

Question 28

Special histologycal feature of chronic pyelonephritis

Answer 28

Thyroidisation

Question 29

WT-1 suppressor gene job

Answer 29

Maintain function of Podocytes | Block proliferation of Podocytes

Question 30

Nephrotic syndrome characteristics

Answer 30

Proteinuria Hypoalbuminemia Oedema Lipiduria

Question 31

Nephrotic syndrome proteinuria=

Answer 31

>3.5 g/day

Question 32

Acute nephritic syndrome characteristics

Answer 32

``` Haematuria Oliguria Edema Proteinuria Hypertension ```

Question 33

Acute nephritic syndrome proteinuria=

Answer 33

0.5-3 g/day