repro 3 Flashcards by Hassan Khokhar

mifepristone is given with what drug

misoprotol

mifepristone is a progeterone antagonist

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bicornuate uterus

failure of fusion of paramesonephric ducts

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two major causes of third semester bleeding

placenta previa and abruptio placenta

placenta previa presents as PAINLESS bleeding and no distress for fetus

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first line PCOS treatment for PCOS patiets williong to conceive

climiphene
GnRH agonist
induce ovulation

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27 year Oldman history of travel to carribean
2 day history of tender ulcerated lymphadenopathy
initially had a painless ulcer that resolved on its own

lymphgranulosa verosum chlamydia L1 L3
txt doxy
pregnant txt: azithromycin

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DD sypillis and lymphogranuloma vereneum

both are painless ulcers BUT

syphilis has NO LOCAL LYMPHADENOPATHY

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risk factors for endometrial cancer

think anything that increases estrogen exposure
obesity 
estrogen only pills
nulliparity
early menarche
late menopause

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histological exam of tissue resected during a hysterectomy
transitional epithelium can be seen
what might have caused this

resection of uretes while cutting the broad ligament

ureter and bladder are lined with transitional cells

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epispadias is caused by abnormal development of?

and which structure does this give rise to in females

genital tubercle

glans clitoris

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abnormal development of urogenital folds gives rise to?

hypospadias in men

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epispadias can be associated with

bladder and bowel extrophy

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what is the major complication of preeclampsia and how is it tested

DIC

d dimer test (fibrin split products)

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pt has no uterus what are the differentials

Mullerian agenesis
androgen insensitivity syndrome
5 alpha reductase def

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DD Mullerian agenesis and Androgen insensitivity syndrom

AISD…. XY and testes present

Mullerian is a normal female just no paramesonephric duct

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weil felix reaction tests for which infection

ricketssial

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hypoacusis vs hyperacusis

hypo— cant hear low sounds

hyper—cant resist loud noises

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hypoacusis causes vs hyperacusis causes

hypo — damage to trigeminal nerve V3 mandibular branch….. tensor tympani muscle

hyper —- damage to sapes muscle supplied by cranial nerve 7 facial nerve…

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pharyngeal arch 1 derivatives

MATT
mylohyoid,anterior digastric, tensor tympanii, tensor veli palatine
innervation by trigeminal nerve

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define gummas in tertiary syphillis

subcutaneous granulomas

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secondary syphilis signs

4 10 weeks

maculopapular rash, condyloma lata, lymphadenopathy, hair loss, muscle pain, fever

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spina bifida problem occurs during which week of gestation

4th week

this is when the posterior neuropore closes

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describe histology of the pagets disease

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eczematous patch often with underlying DCIS
large cells with prominent nucleoli and clear halos
risk factors: nulliparity early menarche late menopause obesity

histo of breast extracellular mucus surrounding the tumor cells

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mucinous carcinoma is a rare form of DCIS

originates in milk duct

fibrovascular structures lined by ductal epithelim (BREAST)

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intraductal papilloma

no scaly rash like DCIS

infant has hypoglycemia, hepatomegaly and lactic acidosis | what enzyme is at fault

glucose 6 phosphatase | this enzyme is required for the final step of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis

alpha 1,4 glucosidase def

pompe disease | hypertrophic CM, cardiomegaly, hypotonia

alpha 1,6 glucosidase

cori disease

wht keeps a penis erect

parasympathetic S2 S4

acute prostatitis causes <35 years and >35 years

<35.... chlamydia and gonorrhea | >35..... ecoli pseudomonas and klebsiella

what test can be performed to check for genetic mutations for example parents wanting to find out if the child will have CF

polymerase chain reaction and sequencing

which tanner stage is this | downy pubic hair and formation of breast bud

tanner 2 | first signs of puberty

dark thick pubic hair and enlarged breasts | growth spurt

tanner 3

how to separate tanner 3 from tanner 4

tanner 4 has raised areola

positive nitrite test and bacteria grown with eosin methylin blue agar

Ecoli

bacteria grown on bile esculin agar | negative nitrite test for UTI

enterococcus

treatment of skin infection caught by yoga mats | pt complains of skin hyperpigmentation after using the tretment

ketoconazole MOA --- blocking formation of fungal membrane steroids ALSO blocks desmolase and 17 a hydroxylase 17 a hydroxylase block ----- responsible for the antiandrogenic effects (libido,gynecomastia) desmolase ----- desmolase is essential for adrenal cortisol production which is used for feedback inhibiton of POMC gene which codes for ACTH and melanocyte stim hormone

which antifungal druga has good CNS penetration and can be used for Cryptococcus neofrom

flucytosine | flucanozole

production of which hormone would indicate sex of baby on ultrasound

dihydroesterone | external genatalia

pt has suprapubic abd tenderness dysuria polyuria prev 3 vaginal births diagnosis and complication

uterine prolapse | pyelonephritis.... cardinal ligaments may compress the ureters and cause hydronephrosis

cancer in prostate | specimen must be taken from which part

peripheral zone

clomiphene mechanism

inhibits estrogen | leads to positive feedback

medication commonly used for seizure prophylaxis in pregnant patients with preeclmpsia

Magnesium is used to treat preeclampsia, which presents with hypertension and proteinuria in the last 10 weeks of pregnancy. Magnesium toxicity results in loss of deep tendon reflexes, sinoatrial and atrioventricular node blockade, drowsiness, respiratory depression, and ultimately cardiac arrest.

what runs on top of spermatic cord

ilioingunial nerve damage can cause loss of sensation on medial thigh and scrotum L1

which nerve is resp for cremeteric reflex

genitofemoral nerve

female with G6PD ... what is the mechanism of disease transfer

lyonization This is the process by which one part of the X chromosome is inactivated (heterochromatin) and the other corresponding part of the second X chromosome is activated (euchromatin). If the activated portion of the second chromosome contains mutant DNA, then X-linked recessive diseases can present.

during which stage is chlamydia infectious

Elementary body extracellular

what develops into prostate

urogenital sinsu

neonatal chorioretinitis

toxoplasmosis

neonatal conjunctivitis on day 15 what is the pathogen and what can be the other condition caused by it

chlamydia | pneumonia

how can you diagnose chlamydia pneumonia in a neonaet

CBC will show eosinophilia

oocytes are arrested in which stage after ovulation

metaphase II

is early pregnancy a srisk factor for breast cancer

NO | late pregnancy is

patient’s serum α-fetoprotein (AFP), unconjugated estriol, and β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) levels are all low. The inhibin A concentration is normal.

edwards trisomy 18

a thyroid secreting ovarian teratoma

struma ovarii

repro 3 Flashcards

(54 cards)