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Pharmacology for Advanced Practice Nurses > Reproductive > Flashcards

Reproductive Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

They primary male androgen

A

testosterone

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2
Q

Androgens are used to treat

A

disorders in males and females.
Hypogonadism in males
Diseases such as cancer and HIV infection in both sexes

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3
Q

Andorgens formualations and drug names

A

Testosterone
Testosterone gel
Transdermal testosterone

Fluoxymesterone (injectable)
Methyltestosterone (injectable)

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4
Q

Anabolic steroids are

A

scheduled drugs

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5
Q

Anabolic steroids are contraindicated in

A

Male breast cancer or prostate cancer
Pregnancy (category X) and lactation
Transdermal drugs not used in women

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6
Q

Androgen ADR

A

Hepatitis, hepatic neoplasm, cholestatic hepatitis, jaundice, and hepatocellular carcinoma

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7
Q

Androgen Men ADR

A

gynecomastia, reduced sperm levels, decreased libido at high levels, depression

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8
Q

Androgen ADR women

A

menstrual irregularities, virilization

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9
Q

Biggest ADR for androgen (anobolic sterods)

A

liver issues

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10
Q

Androgen Monitoring

A

Serum testosterone levels, lipids, liver function, complete blood count
Men need prostate-specific antigen and digital prostate examinations

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11
Q

Androden prescribed for

A

Primary hypogonadal males
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Male climacteric

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12
Q

For men who come in asking to be put on testosterone, what is done first

A

Lifestyle managment

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13
Q

Testosterone indictions that the increased risk

A

of prostate cancer with long-term replacement is not as great as thought (unless already present)

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14
Q

Statin therapy can decrease

A

testosterone on a statistically significant level, but clinically insignificant level

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15
Q

Androgen hormone inhibitors (anitiandrogen)

Also known as and example

A

5a-reductase inhibitors

Propecia, Proscar

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16
Q 
Leuprolide acetate (Lupron)
AKA
A

luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonist

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17
Q

Direct antiandrogens

Inhibit

A

androgen uptake or nuclear binding of androgen at target tissues

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18
Q

Spironolactone (Aldactone) is a

A

An aldosterone antagonist and inhibitor of 5a-reductase

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19
Q

Big use for antiandrogens is

A

treatment of BPH

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20
Q

Fanastroide is used in smaller doses

A

for balding in men

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21
Q

Spironolactone is used in

Study These Flashcards
A

PCOS for women when they are thought to have too high of a testosterone level

22
Q

Estrogen examples

Study These Flashcards
A 
Conjugated equine estrogens (Premarin)
Esterified estrogens
Estradiol
Ethinyl estradiol
Phytoestrogens
23
Q

Effects of estrogen in the body are

Study These Flashcards
A

Increases bone density
Results in normal skin and blood vessel structure
Affects lipid levels
Reduces bowel motility
Enhances coagulability of blood
Causes edema because of its action on the renin–angiotension system
Maintains stability of the thermoregulatory center

24
Q

blood clot risk associated with

25
Estrogen-ONLY (unopposed estrogen) products are contraindicated
in women with an intact uterus. must take estrogen with progestrone
26
Estrogen contraindicated in
Pregnancy (unless specialist directed low hormone level) Breast cancer Estrogen-dependent neoplasia
27
Do not give estrogen in these four situations
Active deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism History in past year of stroke or myocardial infarction Liver dysfunction Smokers
28
Smoking and estrogen can
raise risk for blood clots
29
Estrogen use
Contraception | Combination of estrogen and progestin
30
Estrogen use of per-postmenopausal stimptoms directions
Start on lowest dose. Do not give unopposed estrogen to women with a uterus. See Hormone Therapy chapter for full information.
31
relief of peri-and postmenopausaul give
lowest dose for shortest duration
32
Estrogen other use
Vaginal atrophy and dryness Vaginal cream, tablets, or ring Osteoporosis (not for primary treatment use)
33
Antiestrogens
Clomiphene Danazl Tamoxifen Raloxifene
34
Clomiphene (clomid)
Used to initiate ovulation in normogonadotropic, normoprolactinemic, and anovulatory patients
35
Danazol (Danocrine)
Used to treat endometriosis
36
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
Selective estrogen receptor modulator Adjuvant therapy for breast cancer in patients with estrogen receptor –positive tumors (helps reduce breast cancer risk and protects bone)
37
Raloxifene (Evista)
Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used for osteoporosis
38
Estrogen agonists/antagonists can be used to treat
dyspareunia (painful sex) medications have selective estrogen effects.
39
Estrogen agonists/antagonists can have a possible positive
impact on breast cancer risk and | Known uterine lining development, but much less than with estrogen
40
Estrogen agonists/antagonists are helpful for those who
cannot take progestins
41
Progesterones examples
``` Progesterone (Promethrium, Progesterone in Oil, Crinone, Prochieve) Medroxyprogesterone acetate (Provera, Depo-Provera) Norethindrone (Aygestin) Megestrol acetate (Megace) ```
42
Androgen-derived progestins examples
Norethindrone, norethindrone acetate, ethynodiol diacetate, norgestrel, desogestrel, levonorgestrel, and norgestimate Drospirenone: a progestin developed as a derivative of spironolactone
43
Progesterone precautions and contraindications
Thromboembolic disease Breast cancer Impaired liver function Depression Disorders that worsen with fluid retention Progesterone: Old pregnancy category D. Norethindrone acetate: Old pregnancy category X.
44
Progesterones: Adverse Drug Reactions
``` Irregular bleeding Amenorrhea Acne Injectable and implanted progesterone Weight gain Irregular menstrual bleeding Osteoporosis risk with 2+ year use ```
45
Progesterone only comes with a lot of
a lot of fluid retention. Will see bloating.
46
progsterone is not recommended
in pregnancy. D or X
47
Postmenopausal hormone replacement | Combined with estrogen when
uterus is intact
48
Depo-preva (progestin only)
in young women use with caution and try to avoid (up to age 25) because it can cause risk of osteoporosis. It also comes with a 15 lbs weight gain
49
Progesterone use
Postmenopausal hormone replacement Combined with estrogen when uterus is intact Progestin-only contraception Progestin-only pills (norethindrone) Medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera) Progestin implanted intrauterine device (Mirena)
50
Progesterone monitoring
Depression Increased risk of seizures In diabetes, monitoring of blood glucose

Pharmacology for Advanced Practice Nurses (50 decks)

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