REPRODUCTIVE & DEVELOPMENT

Question 1

female secreting endometrium- what cycle is she in?

Answer 1

luteal

Question 2

Which organ doesn’t make estrogen?

a. graafian follicle
b. corpus luteum
c. adrenal meduall
d. theca interna

Answer 2

c. adrenal meduall

adrenal CORTEX secretes estrogen, the medulla secretes catecholamine

Question 3

which is an intracellular receptor?

Answer 3

estrogen

Question 4

what does an intracellular receptor include?

Answer 4

steroid, estrogen, progesterone, vitamin D derivatives

Question 5

which of the following acts as nuclear receptor?

Answer 5

Vitamin D

Question 6

nuclear receptors include what?

Answer 6

endogenous hormones, Vitamin A & D

Question 7

What hormone promotes spermatogenesis?

Answer 7

FSH

Question 8

FSH promotes follicle development in females & stimulates what?

Answer 8

stimulates Sertoli cells to produce androgen-bind protein, which stimulates spermatogenesis

Question 9

LH promotes what in males and what in females?

Answer 9

promotes testosterone in males

promotes estrogen production in females

Question 10

Granulosa cells of females are similar to what cells found in males?

Answer 10

Sertoli Cells

Question 11

Sertoli cells help with ________ in the ___________ tubules, activated by FSH

Answer 11

help with spermatogenesis in the seminiferous tubules, activated by FSH

Question 12

Where is testosterone made?

Answer 12

Leydig cells

Question 13

Which is not in seminiferous tubules?

Answer 13

Leydig cell (found adjacent to seminiferous tubules in interstitial tissues, regulated by LH)

Question 14

Sperm stored/ mature in ?

Answer 14

epididymis

Question 15

What sustains the corpus luteum after the 1st trimester

Answer 15

hCG

Question 16

Human chorionic gonadotropin made by placenta allows what?

Answer 16

allows the corpus luteum to maintain high progesterone

Question 17

Immunoglobulin transfer from mother to fetus

Answer 17

IgG via placenta

Question 18

cell cycle immediately after fertilization

Answer 18

Meiosis II

Question 19

What is not transcriptionally active?

Answer 19

Heterochormatin (highly condensed, still zipped up in chromosome)

Question 20

What phase is most variable in duration of the cell cycle?

Answer 20

G1

Question 21

What stage is DNA synthesis in the cell cycle?

Answer 21

S

Question 22

Histones are synthesized in which phase of the cell cycle?

Answer 22

S phase

Question 23

Hepatocytes from what embryonic tissue

Answer 23

endoderm

Question 24

Describe endoderm?

Answer 24

gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, thyroid, thymus, endocrine glands & organs, auditory system, Urinary system, Liver, Pancreas

Question 25

Describe Ectoderm

Answer 25

epithelium of skin, nervous tissue

Question 26

Describe Mesoderm

Answer 26

connective tissue, bone, cartilage, blood cells, all muscles (cardiac, smooth, skeletal), body cavities and some cardiovascular and urinary systems

Question 27

Ureter in kidney

Answer 27

mesoderm

Question 28

what are symptoms of Trisomy 21 (down syndrome)?

Answer 28

Wide neck, Flat nose, small mouth

Question 29

Klinefelter syndrome

Answer 29

47: XXY

Question 30

Turners Syndrome

Answer 30

45: XO

Question 31

What is the name of the cellular mass after fertilization but before implantation?

Answer 31

blastula

Question 32

Which stage of the zygote does implantation on the uterus occur?

Answer 32

Blastocyst

Question 33

The ligamentum arteriosum is a remnant of what embryological structure?

Answer 33

fetal left ductus arteriosus

Question 34

What does the Ductus arteriosus do?

Answer 34

connects the pulmonary artery to the descending aorta to bypass the fetal lungs, doesn't disappear immediately after birth

Question 35

What goes with ligamentum arteriosum?

Answer 35

left recurrent laryngeal N

Question 36

Ligamentum venosum comes from what?

Answer 36

Ductus venosus

Question 37

Shunts left umbilical vein blood directly to the ?

Answer 37

inferior vena cava, bypass liver

Question 38

what is the ligamentum teres?

Answer 38

remnant of umbilical vein on the liver

Question 39

Structure present in fetal heart that allows blood to pass from right to left atrium?

Answer 39

Fossa ovalis (remnant of fetal foramen ovale)

Question 40

Crista terminalis is located where?

Answer 40

on the Right Atrium

Question 41

It is the junction between the sinus venosus & __________in the embryo

Answer 41

sinus & venosus & the heart in the embryo