Reproductive/Genital System Part 2 - Female

Question 1

what is superior to the urinary bladder?

Answer 1

the uterus

Question 2

what happens at the uterus?

Answer 2

where fetal development will occur if there is fertilization of an ovum by a sperm

Question 3

what is lateral to the uterus?

Answer 3

ovaries

Question 4

what are ovaries?

Answer 4

where ovum (egg) is produced that can be fertilized to make a fetus

Question 5

where does the ovaries lead into?

Answer 5

the uterine/fallopian tube which will connect it to the uterus

Question 6

where does the uterus open?

Answer 6

at the more posterior and inferior section

Question 7

where the uterus opens is called the?

Answer 7

cervix

Question 8

where does the cervix open into?

Answer 8

the vagina

Question 9

where does the vagina open?

Answer 9

a little posterior to the external urethra orifice

Question 10

if we move further posterior from the opening of the vagina, what do we get?

Answer 10

the anus

Question 11

what is the top section of the anus called?

Answer 11

the fundus

Question 12

what are the sections of the uterus?

Answer 12

1. fundus
2. body
3. cervix (end)

Question 13

what is the vagina?

Answer 13

a fibromuscular tube that connects the uterus to the outside of the body

Question 14

does the uterus have thick or thin walls?

Answer 14

thick

Question 15

why is the uterus lined with smooth muscle?

Answer 15

because we will need muscular contraction to push a baby out

Question 16

what is on either side of the uterus?

Answer 16

an ovary

Question 17

how are the ovaries connected to the uterus?

Answer 17

via the ovarian ligament

Question 18

when an ovum is released from the ovary each month, where will the ovum travel to?

Answer 18

first into the fimbriae of uterine tube and then continue into the infundibulum of the uterine tube then through the rest of the uterine tube that leads towards the uterus

Question 19

what are the fimbriae of uterine tube?

Answer 19

fingerlike structures on the uterine tube

Question 20

what is the beginning of the uterine tube?

Answer 20

the infundibulum

Question 21

where will fertilization of the ovum occur?

Answer 21

typically in the uterine tube

Question 22

how long can the ovum spend in the uterine tube?

Answer 22

up to several days

Question 23

after an ovum is fertilized in the uterine tube, where does it go?

Answer 23

into the uterus and then implant in the thick wall where the fetus will develop

Question 24

what does homolog mean?

Answer 24

two structures came developmentally (in fetal development) from the same developmental structure and became something different when they differentiated sex

Question 25

what is the ovary and homologue for?

Answer 25

the male testes

Question 26

what is the female gonad?

Answer 26

the ovary

Question 27

what does the ovary produce?

Answer 27

- the ovum - hormones

Question 28

which hormones does the ovary produce?

Answer 28

- estrogen - progesterone

Question 29

what holds the ovaries in place?

Answer 29

the ovarian ligament

Question 30

what does the suspensory ligament connect?

Answer 30

connects the ovary to the side wall of the pelvis - holds the ovaries up

Question 31

what is the broad ligament?

Answer 31

a huge sheet of parietal peritoneum that loops over the bladder, uterus and all over the uterine tubes - sort of drapes over everything

Question 32

where does the broad ligament attach to?

Answer 32

the posterior abdominal wall

Question 33

what is the external genitalia of a female usually called?

Answer 33

the vulva or the pudendum

Question 34

the area where you find all the external genitalia of a female is called?

Answer 34

the vestibule

Question 35

what is on either side of the vestibule of the vulva?

Answer 35

- labia minora - labia majora - most lateral

Question 36

what does labia minora form?

Answer 36

the boundaries/walls of the vestibule

Question 37

what is the labia minora?

Answer 37

thin folds of skin

Question 38

what is the labia minora a homologue of?

Answer 38

skin of the penis

Question 39

what is lateral to the labia minora?

Answer 39

labia majora

Question 40

what is the labia majora?

Answer 40

external folds of skin and connective tissue

Question 41

what is the labia majora a homologue to?

Answer 41

male scrotum

Question 42

what is the primary function of the labia majora and the scrotum?

Answer 42

protection of vestibule and its contents

Question 43

where is the mons pubis?

Answer 43

anterior to the vestibule

Question 44

what is the mons pubis?

Answer 44

a fatty tissue area that is anterior to the vestibule and is going to help with protection of the area

Question 45

where is the clitoris?

Answer 45

anterior vestible

Question 46

what is the clitoris?

Answer 46

erectile tissue - contains a lot of blood vessels and becomes engorged with blood using sexual stimulation

Question 47

what is a homologue of the clitoris?

Answer 47

the male penis

Question 48

what is the external urethral orifice?

Answer 48

the opening of the urethra travelling down from the urinary bladder

Question 49

where is the external urethral orifice?

Answer 49

posterior to the clitoris

Question 50

where is the vaginal orifice?

Answer 50

posterior to the external urethral orifice

Question 51

what is the vaginal origice?

Answer 51

the opening of the vagina

Question 52

when you are first born, what is the vagina covered with?

Answer 52

a very thin membrane called the hymen

Question 53

when is the hymen broken?

Answer 53

in the first sextual experience

Question 54

what is the perineum?

Answer 54

a diamond shaped area on the pelvis floor that includes the openings to the urinary, digestive and reproductive systems in the area - includes some of the internal and external genitalia of the reproductive system

Question 55

what forms the anterior border of the perineum?

Answer 55

the pubic symphysis

Question 56

what forms the lateral borders of the perineum?

Answer 56

ischia and ischial tuberosities

Question 57

what forms the posterior border of the perineum?

Answer 57

the coccyx

Question 58

the two ischia connect to form another line in the perineum which does what?

Answer 58

divides the perineum into anterior and posterior

Question 59

what is the anterior triangle of the genitalia called?

Answer 59

urogenital triangle

Question 60

what is the posterior triangle of the genitalia called?

Answer 60

anal triangle

Question 61

what does the anal triangle contain?

Answer 61

only the anus - can also see the external anal sphincter

Question 62

most of the anal triangle is made up of?

Answer 62

the levator ani muscle

Question 63

what is the levator ani muscle?

Answer 63

a big pelvic floor muscle - big group of muscles that makes up a lot of the pelvic floor

Question 64

what does the urogenital triangle consist of?

Answer 64

- the whole vestibule externally - bulb of the vestibule

Question 65

what is going to be internal/deep to the labia majora?

Answer 65

the bulb of the vestibule

Question 66

where is the bulb of the vestible?

Answer 66

deep to the labia majora and lateral to the vestibule and goes up on either side of the clitoris

Question 67

what is the bulb of the vestible?

Answer 67

erectile tissue

Question 68

what is the homologue to the bulb of the vestibule?

Answer 68

corpus spongiosum and the bulb of the penis in the male

Question 69

what is posterior and a little superior to the bulb of the vestibule?

Answer 69

the greater vestibular gland - one on either side

Question 70

what is a homologue to the greater vestibular glands?

Answer 70

bulbourethral glands in the males

Question 71

what is the greater vestibular glands responsible for?

Answer 71

secreting fluid into the vagina that will continually cleanse the vagina and flush things out

Question 72

where will the base of the breast extend from?

Answer 72

from approximately rib two to rib six

Question 73

how out does a breast extend?

Answer 73

1 to several inches

Question 74

where does the breast run from medially to laterally?

Answer 74

a little lateral to the sternum all the way over to the mid-axillary line (line that runs down from the armpit)

Question 75

what is the breast mainly composed of?

Answer 75

- adipose tissue (fat) - lactiferous glandular tissue (glands)

Question 76

what are lactiferous glands doing most of the time?

Answer 76

nothing

Question 77

what happens to the lactiferous glands during pregnancy?

Answer 77

they begin to become stimulated by hormones produced in the body to start producing milk

Question 78

once the baby is born and suckles/pulls on the nipple, what happens?

Answer 78

further hormonal production encourages the movement of the milk out through the lactiferous ducts, out the nipple so that the baby can drink it

Question 79

what is the areola?

Answer 79

a darkened pigment around the nipple of the breast

Question 80

what is happening on the areola?

Answer 80

openings of several glands including sweat and oil glands that keep the area lubricated (for protection) - helps to protect and nipple and breast tissue when a baby is suckling regularly because it can be hard on that really sensitive tissue