Reproductive/Genital System Part 1 - Male

Question 1

where is the pubic symphysis in relation to the urinary bladder?

Answer 1

anterior

Question 2

what are the testis?

Answer 2

the male gonads
- where sperm and testosterone is produced

Question 3

what type of gland is a testis?

Answer 3

accessory endocrine glands because they produce hormones that are released into the blood stream

Question 4

what are the two testis held in?

Answer 4

a double-layered sac that is external to the body called the scrotum

Question 5

what muscle is in the walls of the scrotum?

Answer 5

smooth muscles

Question 6

what is the job of the scrotum?

Answer 6

to provide temperature control for the developing sperm

Question 7

how is the core body temperature in relation to optimal sperm production temperature?

Answer 7

core body temperature is a little bit too warm by a couple degrees for optimal sperm temperature

Question 8

why are the testis kept external to the core of the body?

Answer 8

because the core of the body is a bit too warm for optimal sperm production temperature

Question 9

why is the smooth muscle in the wall of the scrotum?

Answer 9

so that if the external environment is quite cold, the smooth muscle can pull the scrotum up closer to the core of the body to maintain a warmer temperature
- or if its warmer - the scrotum will relax further to get further from the core

Question 10

what is the epididymis?

Answer 10

a c-shaped structure around the testis

Question 11

where does sperm mature?

Answer 11

epididymis

Question 12

where does sperm go once it matures?

Answer 12

up the ductus deferens, over the pubic symphysis, over the top of the urinary bladder and comes down the posterior of the bladder and connect to a bunch of other structures to add fluid and nutrients and other things that sperm needs

Question 13

where is the root of the penis?

Answer 13

inside the body

Question 14

about how much of the penis is inside the body?

Answer 14

about half

Question 15

where is the body of the penis?

Answer 15

on the outside of the body

Question 16

what joins at the urethra in the male reproductive system?

Answer 16

the reproductive and urinary systems
- take the same exit in the body

Question 17

how long does it take before a sperm is capable of traveling towards an ovum in a female and performing fertilization?

Answer 17

several months

Question 18

where is sperm first developed?

Answer 18

seminiferous tubule

Question 19

after sperm is developed in the seminiferous tubule, where does it travel through?

Answer 19

straight tubules into the rete testis which is some mix of tubules in the center of the testis

Question 20

from the rete testis, where does sperm travel through?

Answer 20

tubes called the efferent duct which lead into the epididymis

Question 21

how long does sperm take to mature?

Answer 21

two to three months

Question 22

where does sperm mature mostly?

Answer 22

in the epididymis

Question 23

what does ejaculate mean?

Answer 23

expelling sperm from the penis

Question 24

after spending months in the epididymis maturing, where does the sperm go?

Answer 24

it will travel up the ductus (vas) deferens back up into the body

Question 25

the ductus deferens travels up towards the body through?

Answer 25

the spermatic cord

Question 26

how many layers do the testis have around them?

Answer 26

several layers of protection of smooth muscle and fascia and peritoneum

Question 27

where does the spermatic cord run from?

Answer 27

from the inferior of the scrotum right back up into the body

Question 28

what does the spermatic cord carry?

Answer 28

- the ductus deferens - lymphatic vessels - nerves - veins - arteries

Question 29

where does the spermatic cord take the ductus deferens?

Answer 29

back up into the abdomen

Question 30

where is the ductus deferens in relation to the urinary bladder?

Answer 30

ductus deferens loops over it, sort of laterally and come right to the back of the urinary bladder and start to join with other structures

Question 31

our ductus deferens widens as it gets to the back of the bladder. what is that area called?

Answer 31

the ampulla of the ductus deferens

Question 32

what does the ampulla of the ductus deferens connect to?

Answer 32

the seminal vesicle

Question 33

what is formed when the ampulla of the ductus deferens connects with the seminal vesicle?

Answer 33

they form the ejaculatory duct

Question 34

what does the seminal vesicles produce?

Answer 34

fluid that contains nutrients that will be added to the sperm

Question 35

when sperm is released from the penis, it is released as?

Answer 35

ejaculate - not just sperm on its own - has a lot of fluid - has a lot of nutrients

Question 36

why does ejaculate have lots of nutrients?

Answer 36

because sperm needs to last several days to make it all the way into the female uterus or uterine tube

Question 37

the ejaculatory duct pierces through what?

Answer 37

the wall of the prostate gland

Question 38

where does the ejaculatory duct empty into?

Answer 38

the very beginning of the male urethra

Question 39

the very beginning of the male urethra is called?

Answer 39

the prostatic urethra

Question 40

how many sections are there of the male urethra?

Answer 40

three

Question 41

what are the three sections of the male urethra?

Answer 41

1. prostatic urethra 2. intermediate (membranous) urethra 3. spongy (penile) urethra

Question 42

the duct from the urinary bladder of a male connects with? what does it form?

Answer 42

the ejaculatory duct and forms the prostatic urethra

Question 43

do we have smooth muscle sphincters to close both the ejaculatory duct and the urinary duct/urethra?

Answer 43

yes

Question 44

what does the prostate gland do?

Answer 44

add more fluid and nutrients to the sperm (ejaculate)

Question 45

where does the prostatic urethra turn into the intermediate (membranous) urethra?

Answer 45

just inferior to the prostate

Question 46

where does the intermediate (membranous) urethra turn into the spongy (penile) urethra?

Answer 46

at the root of the penis

Question 47

which section of the male urethra is the shortest?

Answer 47

intermediate (membranous) urethra

Question 48

what is the main thing happening at the intermediate (membranous) urethra?

Answer 48

we have a couple more glands that are going to add more fluid to the sperm

Question 49

which glands are going to add more fluid to the sperm in the intermediate (membranous) urethra?

Answer 49

the bulbourethral glands

Question 50

where are the bulbourethral glands?

Answer 50

just inferior to the prostate at the level of the intermediate (membranous) urethra

Question 51

what does the bulbourethral glands produce?

Answer 51

a fluid that is added regularly into the urethra whether we ejaculate or not - used to lubricate the urethra and cleanse it of urine

Question 52

which section of the urethra is the longest?

Answer 52

the spongy (penile) urethra

Question 53

which structure of the penis is internal to the body?

Answer 53

the root

Question 54

what is the most posterior and medial aspect of the root of the penis?

Answer 54

bulb of penis which is at the root

Question 55

what is the lateral and anterior root of the penis called?

Answer 55

- the crura (pleural) - the crus (singular)

Question 56

what is the bulb and crura of the penis made up of?

Answer 56

erectile tissue

Question 57

the erectile tissue of the bulb of the penis connects to?

Answer 57

the pelvis floor muscles

Question 58

what is perineum?

Answer 58

muscles in the pelvic floor

Question 59

where does the crura of the penis attach to?

Answer 59

right to the inside of the pubic bones

Question 60

what does the bulb of the penis become when it gets further down to the body of the penis?

Answer 60

the corpus spongiosum penis

Question 61

which section of the penis has the urethra travelled through?

Answer 61

the bulb of the penis and then the corpus spongiosum

Question 62

what is the glans penis an extension of?

Answer 62

the corpus spongiosum

Question 63

what does the crura of the penis turn into once it gets external to the body?

Answer 63

corpora cavernosa (two of them)

Question 64

what causes the areas of the body of the penis to fill with blood?

Answer 64

the sympathetic nervous system during sexual arousal

Question 65

what causes erection of the penis?

Answer 65

the sympathetic nervous system filling the body of the penis with blood during sexual arousal

Question 66

what happens to the penis when and because it is full of blood?

Answer 66

it gets hard and lifts