Nervous System Part 5 - Spinal and Cranial Nerves

Question 1

at each vertebral layer, we have ____ spinal nerves connecting to the spinal cord

Answer 1

two

Question 2

how many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

Answer 2

31 pairs
- they can carry both sensory and motor information

Question 3

each spinal nerve divides to form a ______________ rami and a _________ rami

Answer 3

posterior and anterior

Question 4

what are anterior and posterior rami?

Answer 4

branches of spinal nerves
- take the sensory and motor signals and splits off so we can hit the different parts of the body

Question 5

can both anterior and posterior rami carry both motor and sensory neurons within them?

Answer 5

yes

Question 6

what is formed when the anterior rami group together in some parts of the body?

Answer 6

the plexi

Question 7

what is a plexus?

Answer 7

a network of nerves that work together to innervate an area

Question 8

what are the four plexi?

Answer 8

1. cervical plexus
2. brachial plexus
3. lumbar plexus
4. sacral plexus

Question 9

where does the brachial plexus go?

Answer 9

the upper limb, a bit of thorax and runs through the armpit

Question 10

which plexi go to the lower limb?

Answer 10

the lumbar and sacral plexi

Question 11

where do the intercostal nerves run?

Answer 11

between the ribs at each level and innervate the muscles that are in between the ribs

Question 12

where is the cervical plexus getting contributions from?

Answer 12

the anterior rami of C1 - C4 and a bit of C5

Question 13

what does the cervical plexus innervate?

Answer 13

the skin and skeletal muscles of areas around the neck and the upper shoulders and chest

Question 14

which nerve innervates the diaphram?

Answer 14

phrenic

Question 15

what is the only nerve of the cervical plexus that does not stay in the neck and upper shoulder?

Answer 15

phrenic
- goes to the diaphragm (so it is very long)

Question 16

where does the phrenic nerve come from?

Answer 16

the anterior rami of C3, C4 and C5

C3,4,5 keep the diaphragm alive

Question 17

what are we talking about when we talk about nerve roots?

Answer 17

we are talking about the anterior rami that contributes to it

Question 18

what is the only part of the cervical plexus that C5 contributes to?

Answer 18

phrenic nerve

Question 19

where does the brachial plexus come from?

Answer 19

C5-C8 and T1

Question 20

why do we have a C8 spinal nerve if we do not have a C8 vertebrae?

Answer 20

because the spinal nerves begin above C1 so C8 nerve ends up in between C7 and T1

Question 21

what nerves are apart of the “M” of the brachial plexus?

Answer 21

1. Musculocutaneous
2. Median nerve
3. Ulnar nerve

Question 22

where does the musculocutaneous run from?

Answer 22

it runs along the anterior arm

Question 23

what does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate?

Answer 23

your anterior arm muscles

Question 24

where does the median nerve run?

Answer 24

down the anterior of your arm and forearm all the way into your hand

Question 25

what does the median nerve innervate?

Answer 25

anterior forearm muscles

Question 26

where does the ulnar nerve run?

Answer 26

stay fairly medial and is going to go around the posterior of the elbow joint - runs medial to the olecranon process - runs all the way down the medial posterior side of the forearm into to hand

Question 27

what are you hitting when you hit your funny bone?

Answer 27

your ulnar nerve

Question 28

what does the ulnar nerve innervate?

Answer 28

most of the hand - intrinsic muscles

Question 29

which nerve is behind/posterior the 'M' of the brachial plexus?

Answer 29

the radial nerve

Question 30

where does the radial nerve run along?

Answer 30

the posterior of the arm

Question 31

what does the radial nerve innervate?

Answer 31

the posterior arm and forearm muscles

Question 32

why do the lumbar and sacral plexus have a bit of crossover?

Answer 32

because L4 is a nerve root to both

Question 33

for the most part, which part of the lower limb does the lumbar plexus handle?

Answer 33

the anterior and medial aspects of the lower limb

Question 34

for the most part, which part of the lower limbs does the sacral plexus handle?

Answer 34

the posterior aspects of the lower limb

Question 35

why are the lumbar and sacral plexus often considered as one plexus (lumbarsacral plexus)?

Answer 35

because of the nerve root crossover

Question 36

where is the lumbar plexus getting contributions from?

Answer 36

L1-L4

Question 37

which plexus is the femoral nerve apart of?

Answer 37

the lumbar plexus

Question 38

where does the femoral nerve run?

Answer 38

heads down anteriorly

Question 39

what does the femoral nerve innervate?

Answer 39

the anterior thigh

Question 40

where does the obturator nerve head towards?

Answer 40

the medial thigh

Question 41

which plexus is the obturator apart of?

Answer 41

the lumbar plexus

Question 42

what does the obturator nerve innervate?

Answer 42

all the adductor muscles of the medial thigh

Question 43

what does the sacral plexus get contributions from?

Answer 43

L4-S4

Question 44

what does the sacral plexus innervate?

Answer 44

the posterior of the lower limb

Question 45

which plexus is the sciatic nerve a part of?

Answer 45

the sacral plexus

Question 46

what is the biggest nerve in the body?

Answer 46

the sciatic nerve

Question 47

where does the sciatic nerve run?

Answer 47

out the posterior of pelvic bones - down the posterior thigh and leg

Question 48

which nerve are we sitting on?

Answer 48

sciatic

Question 49

where does the sciatic nerve come out from?

Answer 49

between the sacrum and the pelvic bones

Question 50

what does the sciatic nerve innervate?

Answer 50

the posterior thigh muscles and the posterior leg

Question 51

how many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

Answer 51

12

Question 52

what are the 12 cranial nerves?

Answer 52

1. olfactory nerve - S 2. optic nerve - S 3. oculomotor nerve - M 4. trochlear nerve - M 5. trigeminal nerve - B 6. abducens nerve - M 7. facial nerve - B 8. vestibulocochlear nerve - S 9. glossopharyngeal nerve - B 10. vagus nerve - B 11. (spinal) accessory nerve - M 12. hypoglossal nerve - M Name mnemonic: Oh oh oh they traveled and found Voldemort guarding very secret horcruxes Function mnemonic: Some say marry money, but my brother says big brains mean more