Reproductive System Flashcards
(26 cards)
What are the main components of the male reproductive system?
Testes, ducts, accessory glands, and supporting structures.
What is the function of the epididymis?
Sperm maturation.
What connects the epididymis to the abdominal cavity?
Ductus deferens.
Q: What forms the ejaculatory duct?
The ductus deferens and the seminal vesicle duct.
Through which organ does the urethra extend to the body’s exterior?
The penis
What is the role of seminal vesicles?
Secretes fluid rich in fructose (energy for sperm) and prostaglandins.
What does the prostate gland contribute to semen?
30% of semen; adds alkaline fluid and enzymes.
What do bulbourethral glands do?
Add mucus and neutralizing fluid.
What are the main components of semen?
Sperm (5%), seminal vesicle fluid (60%), prostate fluid (30%), bulbourethral fluid (5%).
What is the purpose of prostaglandins in semen?
Increase vaginal contractions to help sperm travel.
What is the purpose of prostaglandins in semen?
Increase vaginal contractions to help sperm travel.
What is the function of the scrotum?
Regulates testicular temperature for sperm production.
What causes an erection?
Engorgement of erectile tissue with blood in the penis.
What is the sequence of sperm cell development?
Spermatogonium → primary spermatocyte → secondary spermatocyte → spermatid → sperm cell.
What are the main organs in the female reproductive system?
Ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, external genitalia, and mammary glands.
Where does fertilization usually occur?
Ampulla of the uterine tube.
What are the three layers of the uterine wall?
Perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium.
What is the function of the vagina?
Connects uterus to vestibule, serves as birth canal, and receives penis during intercourse.
Name three components of the female external genitalia.
Clitoris, labia majora, labia minora.
What is the sequence of female gamete development?
Oogonium → primary oocyte → secondary oocyte → ovum → egg cell.
What happens to the follicle after ovulation?
Becomes corpus luteum, secretes hormones, then degenerates if no pregnancy.
What hormone maintains the corpus luteum during early pregnancy?
hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin).
What causes ovulation?
Surge in LH, FSH, and estrogen.
What happens if fertilization does not occur?
Progesterone drops, endometrium sheds (menstruation).
