Respiration Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is digested food needed for ?
Digested food is needed to give the body energy, help it grow, and repair itself. The nutrients from food keep us healthy and help our organs work properly.
How is energy released by the body ?
The body needs a constant supply of energy which comes from digested food.
Glucose from digested carbohydrate is an important substance that contains stored chemical energy. When glucose reacts with oxygen a lot of energy is released. The release from energy is called RESPIRATION
What substance is the main resource in the body ?
Glucose
Name 3 similarities between respiration and combustion
- Produce carbon dioxide
- They both use oxygen
- Both release energy
Name 3 differences between combustion and respiration
- The speed of the reaction in respiration is slow and controlled but in combustion it is fat and explosive
- Breathing happens inside living cells but in combustion it happens outside the body, in open air
- The energy in respiration is stored but in combustion it is released quickly
How does oxygen get into the blood ?
Oxygen gets into the red blood cells in the lungs. When you breathe in, the air goes into tiny air sacs called alveoli. Oxygen passes through the walls of these air sacs and into the blood. There, it enters the red blood cells. The heart then pumps the blood around the body, and the oxygen is delivered to the cells,
How does oxygen get carried around the body ?
Oxygen is carried around the body by red blood cells. When you breathe in, oxygen enters the lungs and moves into tiny air sacs called alveoli. From there, it passes into the blood and enters red blood cells. The heart pumps the blood around the body, and the oxygen is delivered to the body’s cells so they can make energy.
Capillary
very small, thin walls and delivery o2 + glucose to the tissue
Vein
carry blood TO the heart, thin walls and valves
Artery
carry blood AWAY from the heart and they have thick walls
Why does the heart have 2 halves ?
The heart has two halves - a right side and a left side - because it needs to keep oxygen-rich blood and oxygen-poor blood separate.
What is breathing ?
The breathing system is used by the body to get the oxygen needed for respiration. It is also use to get rid of the waste product of respiration, the gas carbon dioxide. Breathing in and breathing out are separate processes in the body.
Name 2 differences between inhaled and exhaled air
- Inhaled air is dry air and exhaled air is moist air
- Inhaled air is cooler and exhaled air is warmer
Name 3 adaptations the lungs have to adapt to their job
- Good blood supply
- Good ventilation
- Large surface area
Gas exchange
The lungs have alveoli, which help oxygen move into the blood and carbon dioxide move out.
How are lungs kept clean ?
The trachea and bronchi are lined with cilia and mucus. Mucus traps dust and microbes. Cilia sweeps mucus up to the throat where it is swallow or coughed out.
Equation for respiration
Glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water + energy
Equation photosynthesis
Water + carbon dioxide = glucose + oxygen
Name 3 adaptations leafs have to make photosynthesis effective
- The waxy cuticle on the surface stops bacteria from going inside the leaf
- Cells are packed with chloroplasts and are long to maximise photosynthesis
- The layers of the cells have no nucleus and allow light to pass through
Right side of the heart
It gets blood with very little oxygen form the body
It pumps its blood to the lungs where it picks fresh oxygen
Left side of the heart
It get oxygenated blood from the lungs
It pumps its blood the the rest of the heart.
