Respiratory Infections Flashcards
(52 cards)
Where are the ethmoid sinuses located?
Bilaterally to the nose (they’re small)
What is the definition of the Lower respiratory tract?
Structures below the pharynx
What are the spinal levels that correlate with the larynx?
C4-C7
What is the order of the respiratory tract after the trachea? (8)
Primary bronchi Secondary bronchi Tertiary Bronchioles Terminal bronchioles Respiratory bronchioles Alveolar ducts Alveolar sacs
What is the rib level that the lungs are at anteriorly?
rib 6 ish
What is the rib level that the lungs are at laterally?
rib 8 ish
What is the rib level that the lungs are at posteriorly?
10 ish
What are the histological characteristics of blastomycosis?
Broad based budding yeast
Where is blastomycosis endemic to?
Wooded areas, especially in the great white north of Minnesota
Rusty sputum = ?
Strep pneumo infection
What are the two bacteria that often cause respiratory dz in COPD pts?
H. influenzae
Pseudomonas
What type of bacteria often cause aspiration pneumonia?
Gram-negative enteric pathogens
Bird/bat droppings causing respiratory illness = (fungi)?
Histoplasmosis capsulatum
Exposure to birds causing lung dz = (bacteria)?
Chlamydophila psittaci
Exposure to rabbits causing respiratory dz = (bacteria)?
Francisella Tularensis
Exposure to farm animal placenta or parturient cats causing respiratory illness and fever = (bacteria)?
Coxiella burnetti (Q fever)
What is the stain used to identify pneumocystis Jirovecii? What is the treatment?
Silver stain
TMP-SMX
What bacteria is associated with causing respiratory disease in hotels or cruise ships?
Legionella species
What is the fungi that cause valley fever? What are the histological characteristics of this?
Coccidioidomycosis
Spherules
What are the two bacteria often associated with respiratory disease i in CF patients?
Pseudomonas
Staph Aureus
What is the depth that is assessed with percussion of the chest?
5-7 cm beneath the fingers
What are the characteristics of bronchial breath sounds?
Harsh and high pitched
What are the characteristics of vesicular breath sounds?
Soft and low pitched
Where are broncho-vesicular breath sounds normally heard?
Over the sternal angle
