Respiratory System

Question 1

What are the functions of the Respiratory system?

Answer 1

• Provide large area for gas exchange
• Move air to and from lungs
• Protect respiratory surfaces
• Sound for speech
• Detection of odours

Question 2

What are components of the upper respiratory system?

Answer 2

• Nose
• Nasal cavity
• Sinuses
• Pharynx

Question 3

What are the components of the lower respiratory system?

Answer 3

• Larynx
• Trachea
• Bronchus
• Lungs
• Bronchioles
• Alveoli

Question 4

What is the respiratory epithelium for?

Answer 4

• Epithelial cells help protect the epithelial surface, and traps pathogens

Question 5

What does the nose and cavity provide?

Answer 5

• humidifies, warms and cleans air
• Structures that resonate for speech
• Location of olfactory receptors

Question 6

What are some points about the pharynx? (i.e. 3 sections)

Answer 6

• Superior portion extends from nose to mouth
• Middle portion
• Inferior portion extends to larynx

Question 7

What prevents food entering the respiratory system?

Answer 7

• Epiglottis closes, allowing food to pass over the trachea and down esophagus

Question 8

What is the structure that protects the glottis?

Answer 8

• The larynx

Question 9

What is responsible for creating the sound for speech? (Hint, in the glottis)

Answer 9

• Vestibular fold

Question 10

What are the structures that branch off of the trachea?

Answer 10

• Main Bronchi (right and left)
• Smaller bronchi
• Bronchioles
• Respiratory bronchioles

Question 11

What are the components of the ‘Action site’? (Hint: in the lungs)

Answer 11

• Respiratory bronchioles
• Alveolar ducts
• Aveoli (about 150M in each lung)
• Blood air barrier

Question 12

Are both lungs the same? If not, which one has more lobes?

Answer 12

• No, the left lung has two whilst the right has three

Question 13

True or false: The left lung has a Superior, Middle AND Inferior lobe.

Answer 13

• False, the left only has Superior and Inferior

Question 14

What are the two types of respiration?

Answer 14

• External (lungs)
• Internal (cells)

Question 15

What does the diaphragm consist of?
(Hint: think muscular)

Answer 15

• Voluntary skeletal muscle

Question 16

What are some measurements during breathing?

Answer 16

• Tidal volume (air moved in quiet breathing)
• Vital capacity (largest possible breath)
• Residual volume (air that remains trapped in airways)