Skeletal System Flashcards
(14 cards)
Why is the shoulder more easily dislocated compared to the hip?
- Both have ball and socket joints, but…
- Muscles and ligaments around the shoulder are more flexible to facilitate a wider range of movement, but…
- This range of movement allows for more vulnerability
What are the main components of the skeletal system?
- Bones
- Cartilage
- Ligaments
- Tendons
What are bones made up of?
- Dense matrix containing collagen, calcium and minerals
- Osteocytes (maintain)
- Osteoblasts (build)
- Osteoclasts (break down)
What kind of tissue is bone and cartilage?
- Connective
What’s another name for bone?
- Osseous matter/tissue
What are two locations in which cartilage can be found?
- Meniscus in the knee
- Discs between the vertebrae in the spine
What are special properties of cartilage?
- Does not contain high amounts of calcium
- Contains chondroitin, making it elastic and flexible
What are the five columns in the vertebrae?
- Cervical
- Thoracic
- Lumbar
- Sacral
- Coccygeal
What are the five types of bone?
- Flat (Sternum)
- Long (Femur)
- Short (Cuneiforms)
- Irregular (Vertebra)
- Sesamoid (Patella)
What are three categories of joints? (Based on amount of connective tissue)
- Fibrous (least movement)
- Cartilaginous (some movement)
- Synovial (most movement)
What are some examples of Fibrous, Cartilaginous and Synovial joints?
- Fibrous (joints that hold the skull together
- Cartilaginous (where ribs meet the sternum)
- Synovial (knee or hip)
What are the different kinds of Synovial joints?
- Hinge
- Ball-and-socket
- Condyloid
- Pivot
- Planar
- Saddle
What are the components of the pelvic girdle?
- made of two hipbones (Ossa coxae)
- part of the pelvis
What are the differences between the male and female pelvis?
Female pelvis is:
- smoother
- lighter
- less prominent muscle/ligament attachments
- greater angle of opening
