Respiratory System

Question 1

Which of the following is a major function of the respiratory system?
a) Transporting nutrients to the body’s cells
b) Filtering waste products from the blood
c) Supplying the body with O2 for cellular respiration
d) Regulating body temperature

Answer 1

c) Supplying the body with O2 for cellular respiration

Question 2

The exchange of O2 and CO2 between the lungs and the blood is known as:
a) Internal respiration
b) External respiration
c) Pulmonary ventilation
d) Cellular respiration

Answer 2

b) External respiration

Question 3

Which of the following structures is part of the lower respiratory tract?
a) Pharynx
b) Larynx
c) Nasal cavity
d) Trachea

Answer 3

d) Trachea

Question 4

The conducting zone of the respiratory system extends from the:
a) Respiratory bronchioles to the alveoli
b) Alveolar ducts to the alveolar sacs
c) Nares to the terminal bronchioles
d) Primary bronchi to the respiratory bronchioles

Answer 4

c) Nares to the terminal bronchioles

Question 5

What is the role of surfactant in the alveoli?
a) To increase the surface tension of the alveolar walls
b) To aid in the production of mucus
c) To reduce the surface tension of the inner alveolar wall
d) To stimulate the cough reflex

Answer 5

c) To reduce the surface tension of the inner alveolar wall

Question 6

The lungs are enclosed within the:
a) Pericardial cavity
b) Abdominal cavity
c) Pleural cavity
d) Thoracic cavity

Answer 6

c) Pleural cavity

Question 7

According to Boyle’s Law, what is the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas?
a) Pressure and volume are directly related.
b) There is no relationship between pressure and volume.
c) Pressure and volume are inversely related.
d) Pressure is equal to volume.

Answer 7

c) Pressure and volume are inversely related.

Question 8

During quiet inspiration, which muscles primarily contract?
a) Internal intercostals and diaphragm
b) External intercostals only
c) Diaphragm only
d) Diaphragm and external intercostals

Answer 8

d) Diaphragm and external intercostals

Question 9

The primary factor determining airway resistance is:
a) The temperature of the inhaled air
b) The humidity of the inhaled air
c) The airway diameter
d) The partial pressure of oxygen

Answer 9

c) The airway diameter

Question 10

Gas exchange in the lungs occurs across the:
a) Conducting zone
b) Terminal bronchioles
c) Respiratory membrane of the alveoli
d) Bronchi

Answer 10

c) Respiratory membrane of the alveoli

Question 11

Oxygen is primarily transported in the blood:
a) Dissolved in the plasma
b) As bicarbonate ions
c) Bound to hemoglobin
d) As dissolved gas in red blood cells

Answer 11

c) Bound to hemoglobin

Question 12

A right shift in the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve indicates that:
a) Hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen.
b) Oxygen is more easily unloaded at the tissues.
c) Blood pH is increasing.
d) Body temperature is decreasing.

Answer 12

b) Oxygen is more easily unloaded at the tissues.

Question 13

The majority of carbon dioxide in the blood is transported as:
a) Dissolved CO2 in plasma
b) Carbaminohemoglobin
c) Bicarbonate ions (HCO3-)
d) Carbonic acid (H2CO3)

Answer 13

c) Bicarbonate ions (HCO3-)

Question 14

The basic rhythm for breathing is maintained by the respiratory centers located in the:
a) Pons
b) Cerebellum
c) Medulla oblongata
d) Cerebral cortex

Answer 14

c) Medulla oblongata

Question 15

At high altitudes, the lower atmospheric pressure leads to:
a) Increased partial pressure of oxygen (PO2)
b) Lower partial pressure of oxygen (PO2)
c) Increased hemoglobin saturation levels
d) Decreased production of erythropoietin (EPO)

Answer 15

b) Lower partial pressure of oxygen (PO2)