Respiratory System Flashcards
(21 cards)
2 stages of breathing
Inhaling(inspiration) -taking in oxygen
Exhaling (expiration)- giving off carbon dioxide
Lungs functions
Take in oxygen which cells need to do normal functions
Get rid of carbon dioxide (waste product of body’s cells )
Lungs
Looks
Where r they
Cone shaped organs made of delicate spongy pinkish gray tissue
Take up most space in thorax
Deep with in body protected by bone and muscular structure of thoracic cavity
Lung membrane
Pleura
Thorax
Part of body between base of neck to diaphragm
Air pathway
Enters nasal cavity/oral cavity
Goes past epiglottis into trachea
Down trachea thru larynx until bronchl
One main stem bronchus leads to right lung. Other main stem bronchus leads to left lung
Bronchi divide into small fine tubes bronchioles
Bronchioles end in air sacks called alveoli
Alveoli function
Network of blood capillaries surround
Exchange of gas occur between blood and alveoli
Oxygen leaves alveoli and enters blood capillaries
CO2 exists blood capillaries and enter aveoli
During inspiration…
Diaphragm contracts,moves downward
intercostal muscles contracts causing rib cage to expand upward and out
Result: increase in volume and decrease in air pressure inside chest cavity
Air moves down thru trachea and into lungs filling extra space
During expiration…
Diaphragm relaxes, moves upward
Intercostal muscles relax and move rib cage inward and down
Result: decrease in volume and increase in air pressure of chest cavity
Forces movement of air out of lungs
Tidal volume
Volume of air moved into lungs in a normal breath
Inspiratory reserve volume
Air that can still be inhaled after inhaling normally
Expiratory reserve volume
Air that can out-hale after out-haling normally
Vital capacity
Total air that can be breathed in and out
Residual capacity
Air remaining in lungs after exhaling the expiratory reserve
Lung capacity terms
Tidal volume
Inspiratory reserve volume
Expiratory reserve volume
Vital capacity
Residual capacity
Gas exchange facts
Inhalation
- 94% oxygen
- 04% carbon dioxide
- 02% nitrogen and other trace gases
Gas exchange facts
Exhalation
- 49% oxygen
- 49% carbon dioxide
- 02% nitrogen and other trace gases
Cellular respiration
Process requiring oxygen in order to break down glucose
release usable energy in form ATP
Respiration
Exchange of respiratory gases (O2 and CO2) across cell membrane
Breathing
Exchange of respiratory gases (O2 and CO2) between an organism and it’s environment
Laryngitis
Vocal cords swell
Due to: viral/bacterial infection
Result: vocal cords cannot vibrate causing lack of sound
Other causes: excessive use of voice, smoking, long term exposure to irritants
Treatment: rest, fluids, avoid irritants
