Respiratory Terms Flashcards by Becky Harman

Nose, nares, cavity separated by septum

Nasal Cavity

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Throat, cavity behind the nasal cavities and mouth

Pharynx

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Voice organ, containing the vocal cords

Larynx

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Windpipe (Back to back with esophagus)

Trachea

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Two cone-shaped spongy organs consisting of alveoli, blood vessels, nerves, and elastic tissue. Each is enveloped in a double-faced membrane called the pleura

Lung

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The serous membrane that lines the thoracic (chest) cavity

Parietal pleura

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Membrane that covers the lungs. This membrane and the parietal membrane are close together. Between them is a thin film of lubricating fluid that prevents friction when they slide against each other

Visceral pleura

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One of the larger passages conveying air to (right or left principal lobe) and within the lungs

Bronchus

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One of the subdivisions of the branched bronchial tree

Broncioles

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A small sac-like dilation (outpocketing) of the alveolar ducts

Alveolus

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Muscular partition that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity and aids in teh process of breathing

Diaphragm

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A localized collection of pus in a cavity formed by the disintegration of tissue (Tissue irritation of breakdown of tissue)

Abscess (lung)

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Accumulation of carbon deposits in the lung due to breathing smoke or coal dust, AKA black lung disease

Anthracosis

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Adult (acute) respiratory distress syndrome, very difficult to get rid of

ARDS

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Lung disease cause by inhaling asbestos particles. Associated with development of mesothelioma, a type of lung cancer. Lungs sound like velcro when listened through the stethiscope

Asbestosis

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Suffocation

Asphyxiation

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Spasm and narrowing of bronchi, leading to bronchial airway obstruction. (You must treat quickly, the longer you wait the harder it is to fix)

Asthma

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Incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth, or collapse of the adult lung

Atelectasis

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Abnormally slow breathing

Bradypnea

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Chronic dilation of one or more bronchi, excessive mucus

Bronchiectasis

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Inflammation of one or more bronchi

Bronchitis

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Lung disease resulting from inhaling cotton, flax, or hemp, AKA brown lung disease

Byssinosis

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A malignant new growth made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate surrounding tissues and to give rise to metastases

Carcinoma

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A respiratory infection cause by spore inhalation of Coccidioides immitis, varying in severity from that of a common cold to symptoms resembling those of influenza. AKA Valley fever

Coccidiodomycosis

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary (lung) disease, especially emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and asthma

COPD

Heart failure from pulmonary disease, COPD

Cor Pulmonale

Profuse discharge from the mucous membrane of the nose. The common cold

Coryza

A forceful expiration preceded by a preliminary inhalation. Usually caused by irritation of the airways from dust, smoke, infection, or mucus. Can be described as croupy, rasping, harsh, hollow, loose, dry, productive, brassy, bubbly, or wracking.

Cough

Generalized hereditary disorder of infants, children, and young adults associated with malfunctioning of the pancreas and frequent respiratory infections

Cystic Fibrosis

Defect in the wall between the nostrils that can cause partial or complete obstruction

Deviated septum

An acute bacterial infection primarily affecting the membranes of the nose, throat, or larynx accompanied by fever and pain

Diphtheria

Escape of a fluid; Exudation or transudation

Effusion

A pathologic accumulation of air in tissue or organs

Emphysema

Hemorrhage from the nose; Nosebleed

Epistaxis

The act of spitting out saliva or coughing up material from the lungs

Expectorant

Formation of fibrous or scar tissue (in lungs) usually caused by previous infections

Fibrosis

Chest wall move paradoxically with respiration, owing to multiple fractures of the ribs

Flail chest

Popular name for influenza

Flu

A hypertensive state, e.g., allergy to pollen

Hay fever

Blood in the pleural thoracic cavity

Hemothorax

Protrusion of part of the stomach into the chest through the esophageal hiatus defect of the diaphragm (Happens to babies)

Hiatal hernia

Sharp respiratory sound with spasm of the glottis and diaphragm

Hiccup

Fungal infection of lungs, may be symptomatic or asymptomatic, resembling TB

Histoplasmosis

Glossy, translucent. (Lining of the lungs)

Hyaline

Lack of surfactant due to a layer of hyaline material lining the alveoli, alveolar ducts, and bronchioles. Leading cause of neonatal deaths

Hyaline membrane disease

An acute viral infection of the respiratory tract; Serious for the very young and old

Influenza

Inflammation of the larynx

Laryngitis

Inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi

Laryngotracheaobronchitis

Pus formed by the destruction of lung tissue and microorganisms by white blood cells that have gone to a localized area to fight infection

Lung Abscess

Acute upper respiratory infectious disease caused by bacterium 'Bordetella pertusis'. AKA whopping cough

Pertussis

Any lung disease, e.g., anthracosis, silicosis, caused by permanent deposition of substantial amounts of particulate matter in the lungs

Pneumoconiosis

A collection of gas or air in the pleural cavity, resulting from a perforation through the chest wall or the visceral pleura

Pneumothorax

Inflammation of the nasal membrane; Runny nose

Rhinitis Rhinorrhea

Sudden infant death syndrome or crib death; Cause unknown. Associated failure of synapse of nerves to activate the diaphragm

SIDS

Inflammation of a sinus

Sinusitis

Spasmodic contraction of muscles causing air to be expelled forcefully through the nose and mouth

Sneeze

Sore throat caused by the spore bacteria 'Streptococcus' AKA Strep throat

Streptococcal Throat

Inflammation of the tonsils, especially the palatine tonsils

Tonsilitis

An infectious disease, marked by tubercles and caseous necrosis in tissue of the lung (These patients are in a negative pressure room)

Tuberculosis (TB)

Upper respiratory infection, general term for colds or flu

URI

A high-pitched, whistling sound from air movement through narrowed bronchioles during exhalation; Symptom of asthma and COPD

Wheezing

A medication that can be sprayed for a container to relieve bronchial distress, especially asthma

Aerosol

Without oxygen

Anoxia

Temporary cessation of breathing; asphxia

Apnea

A division into two branches, e.g., bronchi

Bifurcation

Oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other gasses in the blood

Blood gases

An agent capable of dilating the brochi

Bronchodilator

An instrument for inspection the bronchi

Bronchoscope

Lung examination using a bronchoscope

Brochoscopy

Spasmodic contraction of bronchi muscles, as in asthma

Bronchospasm

Breathing characterized by waxing and waning of the depth of respiration: the patient breathes deeply a short time and then breathes slightly or stops altogether. The cycle repeats

Cheyne-Stokes

An odorless, colorless gas resulting from oxidation of carbon, formed in the tissues and eliminated by the lungs

Carbon Dioxide

Solidification of lung tissue, as in pneumonia

Consolidation

Artificial means of providing circulation and breathing during cardiac and respiratory arrest

CPR (Cardiopulmonary resuscitation)

A blueish discoloration of skin and mucous membranes caused by insufficient oxygen in the blood

Cyanosis

Voice impairment; Difficulty speaking. Could be from a viral infection or wrong intubation)

Dysphonia

Labored or difficult breathing

Dyspnea

An airway catheter inserted in the trachea during surgery and for a temporary airway in emergency situations

Endotracheal (ET) tube

An agent that promotes expectoration (loosening of secretions)

Expectorant

The spitting of blood or of blood-stained sputum (from the lungs)

Hemoptysis

A gap (opening), especially in the diaphragm

Hiatus

Part of lung where vessels, nerves, and bronchi enter

Hilus

An excess of carbon dioxide in the blood

Hypecapnea

Increased rate and/or depth of respiration, e.g., from anxiety

Hyperventilation

The process of rendering hyposensitive, e.g., exposing a patient to an offending substance to reduce his or her sensitivity to the substance

Hyposensitization

Insufficient oxygen

Hypoxia

Intermittent positive pressure breathing, used as treatment with ventilation

IPPB

Gasping, labored breathing, AKA air hunger

Kussmaul breathing

Excision of the larynx

Laryngectomy

Respiratory Terms Flashcards

(89 cards)