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RNA (+) Viruses I Flashcards

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1
Q

The Picornavirus family is classified as

A

RNA (+) Virus

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2
Q

Is the picnoravirus encapsulated?

A

No it is naked

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3
Q

How is picnoravirus transmitted?

A

Fecal-oral

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4
Q

A respiratory picornavirus

A

Rhinovirus

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5
Q

Uses the host transcription factors, since it is the same sense as host cell, it only needs host RNA polymerase

A

RNA (+) Viruses

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6
Q

POS Sense RNA Replication uses the host transcription factors, since it is the same sense as host cell, it only needs host

A

RNA polymerase

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7
Q

Viral RNA is transmitted into long protein product that contains viral proteases to

A

Cleave it

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8
Q

All RNA positives replicate in the

A

Cytoplasm

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9
Q

Host cell RNA polymerase is in the

A

Cytoplasm

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10
Q

What are the aviary picornaviruses?

A

Polio, Cocksackie, and Echovirus

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11
Q

The aviary viruses cause

A

Aseptic meningitis

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12
Q

Glucose levels are normal with

A

Aviary picornaviruses

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13
Q

The aviary infections are aseptic, meaning that when plated, we find

A

Nothing

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14
Q

Elevated in the aviary infections

A

Protein

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15
Q

Causes the common cold and is transmitted via respiratory route

A

Rhinovirus

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16
Q

Polio virus is classified as a

A

Positive sense RNA

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17
Q

Polio virus is not

A

Encapsulated

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18
Q

This virus replicates in Peyer’s patches found in the submucosa in the ileum

A

Polio

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19
Q

Polio replication occurs in the peyers patches and takes

A

2-3 weeks

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20
Q

Infects the Anterior horn of lower motor neuron cell bodies and causes paralysis

A

Polio

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21
Q

Polio causes an ASYMMETRIC paralysis concentrated in the

A

Lower legs

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22
Q

Causes an asymmetric paralysis concentrated in lower legs, myalgia’s, and respiratory deficiency due to paralysis of diaphragm

A

Polio

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23
Q

Polio also results in

A

Aseptic meningitis

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24
Q

Killed vaccine that injected to prevent polio

A

Salk

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25
Bypasses GI tract and only forms IgG antibodies, not IgA
Salk
26
The live-attenuated vaccine for polio
Sabin
27
Makes IgA since goes through stomach mucosa
Sabin
28
The coxsackie virus is another example of a
Positive sense RNA
29
What are the two types of coxsackie virus?
A and B -Both unencapsulated
30
As a virus, coxsackie is classified as a
Hands, foot, and mouth disease
31
Causes a red vesicular rash
Coxsackie
32
Also causes aseptic (no bacteria on gram stain) meningitis
Coxsackie
33
Coxsackie is most active in the
Summer time
34
What affects does coxsackie have on the heart?
Dilated cardiomyopathy
35
Extreme unilateral sharp pain in chest – pleurodynia -Caused by coxsackie
Bornholm's disease (Devils grip)
36
Treatment for coxsackie is
Supportive care
37
Naked, positive sense RNA that is classified as the common cold
Rhinovirus
38
Transmitted via inhalation due to it being acid labile
Rhinovirus
39
Rhinovirus is transmitted through
Fomites
40
Rhinovirus enters host cells by attaching to
I-CAM1
41
Needs to be in a cool temp and grows best in the 33 degree C environment of the URT
Rhinovirus
42
There is no vaccine for
Rhinovirus
43
Hepatitis A is classified as a
Naked, Positive sense RNA virus
44
Hapatitis A affects the
Liver
45
Acid stable, allowed to be transmitted fecal oral
Hepatitis A
46
Hep A can be eliminated via
Purification
47
What components do we need to kill Hep A during the purification process?
Chlorine, Bleach, UV irradiation (or boiling)
48
Contaminated water is a source of Hep A in
Developing countries
49
Can be transmitted from shellfish in contaminated sources. Pulled from poop contaminated pond
Hepatitis A
50
Clinically silent without jaundice
Hepatitis A
51
When clinical symptoms do appear, hepatitis A is characterized by
Jaundice (children less likely) and vomiting
52
The vaccine for Hep A is an
Inactivated vaccine
53
Produces one long single protein that is cleaved by viral proteases into smaller active constituents
Calicivirus
54
Calicivirus is also a
Naked, positive sense RNA virus
55
The most common type of calicivirus is
Norovirus (Norwalk Virus)
56
Commonly happen with people in closed quarters, 90% of all diarrhea outbreaks on cruise
Norovirus
57
Can be transmitted by consumption of shellfish or a situation where food is touched by people, because they can contain the virus
Norovirus
58
Clinically, norovirus is classified as an
Explosive Diarrheal Illness
59
What is the viral classification of flavivirus
Enveloped positive sense RNA
60
The major flavivirus is
Hepatitis C
61
Only a single segment of RNA, non segmented RNA
Flavivirus
62
Another common manifestation of flavivirus is
Dengue fever
63
Dengue fever is transmitted by the
Aedes egyptei mosquito
64
Infects bone marrow -Type 2
Dengue Fever
65
We see an increased risk of bleeding and hemorrhagic fever with
Dengue fever
66
Are also common with dengue fever (very severe)
Renal failure, septic shock, death
67
How do we treat dengue fever?
On your own, supportive, and well hydrated
68
Also transmitted by the aedes egyptei mosquito
Yellow fever
69
Yellow fever is a
Flavivirus
70
What are two clinical characteristics of yellow fever?
Jaundice and back ache
71
Also shows bloody stool and diarrhea, with possible vomiting
Yellow fever
72
The vaccine for yellow fever is
Live-attenuated
73
Birds are the reservoir and mosquitoes are the vector for the
West Nile Virus
74
Three major symptoms of west nile virus are
Encephalitis, meningitis, and flaccid paralysis
75
What are the 4 flaviviruses?
1. ) Dengue fever 2. ) Yellow fever 3. ) West Nile 4. ) Hep C
76
What is the viral classification of Hep C?
Enveloped positive sense RNA
77
The common mode of transmission for Hep C is exposure to infected
Blood
78
This can occur via
Blood transfusions, IV drug use, placental sex
79
Hep C has variation in
Antigenic structure
80
In Hep C, the virion coated exonuclease lacks proofreading capacity in the 3’-5’ so the RNA is prone to
Frequent mutations
81
Hep C causes inflammation in the
Liver
82
One clinical manifestation of Hep C is
Jaundice
83
What percentage of people infected with Hep C will become chronic?
60-80%
84
In Hep C infection, lymphocytes infiltrate portal tract killing hepatocytes, leading to
Fibrosis and cirrhosis
85
Hep C can cause the liver to go into a frenzy and become malignant, leading to
Hepatocelular carcinoma
86
An acute hep C infection will show RNA in the serum for 1st 6 months and rising
ALT
87
Associated with cryoglobulins that precipitate out in colder temp that contain IgM
Hep C
88
Hep C is treated with
Ribavirin w/ interferon alpha
89
What can we also use for treatment of Hep C?
Protease inhibitor
90
What is the viral classification of the togavirus?
Enveloped positive sense RNA virus
91
Togavirus is not found in the
Nucleus
92
There are 3 types of arbovirus with mosquitoes as a vector. What are they?
1. ) Western equine encephalitis 2. ) Venezuelan 3. ) Eastern equine encephalitis
93
A childhood disease that is classified as a togavirus
Rubella
94
Congenital rubella is call the
TORCHeS infection
95
Mental retardation, microcephaly, deafness, blindness, cataracts, jaundice, PDA, pulmonic stenosis, and blueberry muffin rash are all clinical signs of
Congenital rubella
96
Congenital rubella is also chracterized by the MC triad, which is made up of
Congenital cataracts, Sensory-neural deafness, and PDA (patent ductus arteriosus)
97
In children, shows post-auricle and occipital lymphadenopathy
Rubella
98
Has the major characteristic of a distinct pattern maculopapular rash that starts on face and spreads downward -moves faster than measles
Rubella
99
The maculopapular rash in rubella lasts for
3 days
100
Rubella is transmitted via
Respiratory droplets

Sketchy: Viruses (6 decks)

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