RRD #5

Question 1

Leukemia

Answer 1

type of cancer of the hematopoietic system in which there is
uncontrolled proliferation of leukocytes, causing over-crowding of bone
marrow & decreased production of normal hematopoietic cells

Question 2

S&S of leukemia

Answer 2

leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, anemia, ease of infection bc the WBC immunocyte function is impaired

Question 3

multiple myeloma

Answer 3

a cancer of plasma cells

Question 4

pathogenesis of multiple myeloma

Answer 4

normally, plasma cells selectively produce immunoglobulins on as-needed basis with multiple myeloma, some of the plasma cells become malignant and begin overproducing causing multiple malignant tumors that increase osteoclastic
activity

Question 5

lymphadenopathy

Answer 5

enlarged lymph nodes due to local or systemic infections

Question 6

lymphoma

Answer 6

cancer in which certain lymphocytes begin to wildly proliferate, often
clumping together in tumors of the lymph nodes

Question 7

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Answer 7

a type of cancer that usually begins as
enlarged, painless mass in lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy) of neck; good
cure rates

Question 8

petechiae

Answer 8

pinpoint red spots that don’t blanche

Question 9

purpura

Answer 9

larger areas that look purplish

Question 10

ecchymosis

Answer 10

general term for collection of blood under

skin greater than~1cm

Question 11

frank bleeding

Answer 11

“obvious bleeding”

• under the skin
• GI bleeding
• mucous membranes (nose bleeds)

Question 12

occult bleeding

Answer 12

“hidden bleeding”
-GI tract if the bleeding is slow &
not in areas where blood can be digested, stools may appear normal but
actually have blood in them

Question 13

thrombocytopenia

Answer 13

deficient platelet numbers

Question 14

S&S of thrombocytopenia

Answer 14

platelet count on CBC is less than 100,000 (normal 250,000) and bleeding

Question 15

hemophilia

Answer 15

a medical condition in which the ability of the blood to clot is severely reduced, causing the sufferer to bleed severely from even a slight injury

Question 16

von Willebrand disease

Answer 16

a bleeding disorder caused by low levels of clotting protein in the blood

Question 17

thrombocytosis

Answer 17

platelet greater than 400,000

Question 18

thromboembolic disorders

Answer 18

any combination of thrombocytosis and clotting factor

overactivity

Question 19

thrombus

Answer 19

an arterial or venous clot attached to vessel wall

Question 20

embolus

Answer 20

— an arterial or venous thrombus that has broken loose and travels
in the circulatory system

Question 21

Splenomegaly

Answer 21

enlargement of spleen

Question 22

Hypersplenism

Answer 22

a condition that results from splenomegaly: due to the enlarged spleen,
RBCs, WBCs, and thrombocytes (platelets) become trapped there—ie,
sequestered

Question 23

anemias

Answer 23

Disorders due to pathologically decreased number of RBCs

Question 24

polycythemias

Answer 24

Disorders due to pathologically

increased number of RBCs

Question 25

polycythemia vera

Answer 25

a rare condition in which there is slow development of hyper-proliferation of bone marrow stem cells

Question 26

microcytic anemia

Answer 26

an anemia in which the size is smaller than normal so CBC would show RBCs of <4 million and MCV of <80

Question 27

microcytic anemia patho

Answer 27

something causes the body to slowly, chronically, lose RBCs and thus it begins to “run low” on material to make enough full-sized replacement RBCs

Question 28

normocytic anemia

Answer 28

an anemia in which the size of the RBC is normal, so CBC would show RBCs of <4 million and MCV that is normal

Question 29

S&S of microcytic anemia

Answer 29

RBC <4million, fatigue, weakness, sometimes SOB & dull | mentation.

Question 30

S&S of normocytic anemia

Answer 30

RBC <4million, fatigue, weakness, sometimes SOB & dull | mentation

Question 31

macrocytic anemia

Answer 31

an anemia in which the size (MCV) is larger than normal so CBC would show RBCs of <4 million and MCV of > 95

Question 32

most common example of a macrocytic anemia

Answer 32

pernicious anemia.

Question 33

S&S of macrocytic anemia

Answer 33

RBC <4million, fatigue, weakness, sometimes SOB & dull mentation(1) MCV>95. (2) glossitis (“inflammation of tongue”) swollen, beefy red, smooth, painful tongue (3) neuropathies, most often of the legs, such as paresthesia