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(3) Cardio-Pulmo-Renal Rehabilitation > S2 L3.3: Cardiomyopathy > Flashcards

S2 L3.3: Cardiomyopathy Flashcards

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1
Q

This is a form of heart failure that is dependent on the etiology.

A

Cardiomyopathy

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2
Q

This disease of heart muscles that result from a myriad of insults such as: (3)

A

○ Genetic defects
○ Cardiac myocyte injury
○ Infiltration of myocardial tissues

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3
Q

Heart chambers “get huge” or “balloon out”

A

Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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4
Q

Muscles of the heart/Myocardium become thick; reducing the chamber size of the ventricles

A

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

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5
Q

Looks normal but the problem is in the function, not its structure

Muscles are stiff, unable to relax, dilate, and contract

A

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

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6
Q

Common causes of Dilated Cardiomyopathy

A

Ischemia and HTN

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7
Q

Statement 1: In dilated cardiomypathy, there is enlargement of one or both of the ventricles and systolic dysfunction
Statement 2: Uncommon for chamber enlargement to precede signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure

a. TF
b. FT
c. TT
d. FF

A

a. TF
Not uncommon

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8
Q

Specific Dilated CM

a. Takotsubo CM
b. Peripartum CM
c. Tachycardia-induced CM
d. Alcoholic CM
e. Ischemic CM
f. Valvular CM
g. Inflammatory CM
h. Metabolic CM
i. Hypertensive CM

Common in Africa but also manifests in the developed world

A

b. Peripartum CM

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9
Q

Specific Dilated CM

a. Takotsubo CM
b. Peripartum CM
c. Tachycardia-induced CM
d. Alcoholic CM
e. Ischemic CM
f. Valvular CM
g. Inflammatory CM
h. Metabolic CM
i. Hypertensive CM

Patients may develop a DCM with CHF in the face of recurrent or persistent tachycardias

A

c. Tachycardia-induced CM

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10
Q

Specific Dilated CM

a. Takotsubo CM
b. Peripartum CM
c. Tachycardia-induced CM
d. Alcoholic CM
e. Ischemic CM
f. Valvular CM
g. Inflammatory CM
h. Metabolic CM
i. Hypertensive CM

The most common secondary CM
Closely resembles idiopathic DCM

A

d. Alcoholic CM

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11
Q

Specific Dilated CM

a. Takotsubo CM
b. Peripartum CM
c. Tachycardia-induced CM
d. Alcoholic CM
e. Ischemic CM
f. Valvular CM
g. Inflammatory CM
h. Metabolic CM
i. Hypertensive CM

Arises as dilated cardiomyopathy with depressed ventricular function not explained by the extent of coronary artery obstructions or ischemic damage

A

e. Ischemic CM

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12
Q

Specific Dilated CM

a. Takotsubo CM
b. Peripartum CM
c. Tachycardia-induced CM
d. Alcoholic CM
e. Ischemic CM
f. Valvular CM
g. Inflammatory CM
h. Metabolic CM
i. Hypertensive CM

Arises with left ventricular hypertrophy with features of cardiac failure related to systolic or diastolic dysfunction

A

i. Hypertensive CM

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13
Q

Specific Dilated CM

a. Takotsubo CM
b. Peripartum CM
c. Tachycardia-induced CM
d. Alcoholic CM
e. Ischemic CM
f. Valvular CM
g. Inflammatory CM
h. Metabolic CM
i. Hypertensive CM

Most common among middle-aged women (Appears to be related to catecholamine release)

A

a. Takotsubo CM

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14
Q

Specific Dilated CM

a. Takotsubo CM
b. Peripartum CM
c. Tachycardia-induced CM
d. Alcoholic CM
e. Ischemic CM
f. Valvular CM
g. Inflammatory CM
h. Metabolic CM
i. Hypertensive CM

Most common association is with atrial fibrillation or supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)

A

c. Tachycardia-induced CM

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15
Q

Specific Dilated CM

a. Takotsubo CM
b. Peripartum CM
c. Tachycardia-induced CM
d. Alcoholic CM
e. Ischemic CM
f. Valvular CM
g. Inflammatory CM
h. Metabolic CM
i. Hypertensive CM

Includes a wide variety of causes, including endocrine abnormalities, glycogen storage disease, deficiencies (such as hypokalemia), and nutritional disorders

A

h. Metabolic CM

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16
Q

Specific Dilated CM

a. Takotsubo CM
b. Peripartum CM
c. Tachycardia-induced CM
d. Alcoholic CM
e. Ischemic CM
f. Valvular CM
g. Inflammatory CM
h. Metabolic CM
i. Hypertensive CM

Cardiac dysfunction as a consequence of myocarditis

A

g. Inflammatory CM

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17
Q

Specific Dilated CM

a. Takotsubo CM
b. Peripartum CM
c. Tachycardia-induced CM
d. Alcoholic CM
e. Ischemic CM
f. Valvular CM
g. Inflammatory CM
h. Metabolic CM
i. Hypertensive CM

Manifests between the last month of pregnancy and 6 months postpartum
Etiology is unclear

A

b. Peripartum CM

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18
Q

Specific Dilated CM

a. Takotsubo CM
b. Peripartum CM
c. Tachycardia-induced CM
d. Alcoholic CM
e. Ischemic CM
f. Valvular CM
g. Inflammatory CM
h. Metabolic CM
i. Hypertensive CM

Linked to ongoing excessive alcohol consumption
Dose-related and responsive to cessation of alcohol exposure

A

d. Alcoholic CM

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19
Q

Specific Dilated CM

a. Takotsubo CM
b. Peripartum CM
c. Tachycardia-induced CM
d. Alcoholic CM
e. Ischemic CM
f. Valvular CM
g. Inflammatory CM
h. Metabolic CM
i. Hypertensive CM

Provoked by a stressful or emotional situation
Fully reversible with supportive care in most cases
○ As long as intervened properly
○ Gets better spontaneously

A

a. Takotsubo CM

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20
Q

Specific Dilated CM

a. Takotsubo CM
b. Peripartum CM
c. Tachycardia-induced CM
d. Alcoholic CM
e. Ischemic CM
f. Valvular CM
g. Inflammatory CM
h. Metabolic CM
i. Hypertensive CM

Provoked by a stressful or emotional situation
Fully reversible with supportive care in most cases
○ As long as intervened properly
○ Gets better spontaneously

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A

i. Hypertensive CM

21
Q

Includes connective tissue disorders and infiltrative diseases such as sarcoidosis and leukemia

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A

General Systemic Disease

22
Q

Includes Duchenne, Becker-type, and myotonic dystrophies

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A

Muscular Dystrophies

23
Q

Includes Friedreich ataxia, Noonan syndrome, and lentiginosis

Study These Flashcards
A

Neuromuscular Disorders

24
Q

Includes reactions to alcohol, catecholamines, anthracyclines, irradiation, and others

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A

Sensitivity & Toxic Reactions

25
This CM is one of the more common conditions that PTs will encounter and handle since it is more commonly seen in athletes
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
26
Usual cause in athletes who die suddenly on the playground they do not die from a heart failure but typically from ??
electrical arrhythmia, ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation
27
# Hypertrophic CM Statement 1: Caused by a multitude of mutations in genes encoding proteins of the cardiac sarcomere Statment 2: May be responsible for heart failure–related disability at virtually any age a. TF b. FT c. TT d. FF
c. TT
28
T/F: A big percentage goes to HCM for the causes of sudden cardiac death in young competitive athletes
True
29
This CM is not really common and occurs with lower frequency in the developed world
Restrictive and Infiltrative CM
30
Increase in stiffness of the ventricular walls brought about by inflammation, which causes heart failure because of impaired diastolic filling of the ventricle
Restrictive and Infiltrative CM
31
T/F: If the impaired diastolic filling goes to systolic dysfunction, death is imminent
True
32
# Causes of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy Non-inflitrative or Infiltrative? Amyloidosis
Infiltrative
33
# Causes of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy Non-inflitrative or Infiltrative? Scleroderma
Non-Infiltrative
34
# Causes of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy Non-inflitrative or Infiltrative? Familial cardiomyopathy
Non-Infiltrative
35
# Causes of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy Non-inflitrative or Infiltrative? Pseudoxanthoma elasticum
Non-Infiltrative
36
# Causes of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy Non-inflitrative or Infiltrative? Gaucher disease
Infiltrative
37
# Causes of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy Non-inflitrative or Infiltrative? Fatty infiltration
Infiltrative
38
# Causes of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy Non-inflitrative or Infiltrative? Idiopathic cardiomyopathy
Non-Infiltrative
39
# Causes of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy Non-inflitrative or Infiltrative? Hurler disease
Infiltrative
40
# Causes of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy Non-inflitrative or Infiltrative? Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Non-Infiltrative
41
# Causes of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy Non-inflitrative or Infiltrative? Diabetic cardiomyopathy
Non-Infiltrative
42
# Causes of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy Non-inflitrative or Infiltrative? Sarcoidosis
Infiltrative
43
Name the 3 Storage Diseases
1. Hemochromatosis 2. Fabry Disease 3. Glycogen Storage Disease
44
Progressive fibrofatty replacement of the right, and to some degree left, ventricular myocardium
Arryhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia
45
# Arrythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia Statement 1: Right side that gets affected. The RV muscle is replaced with fat; fat is contractile resulting to right ventricular failure Statement 2: Clinical manifestations usually develop during the first decade a. TF b. FT c. TT d. FF
d. FF 1: Fat is not contractile 2: Second Decade
46
# Symptomatology PTs would just identify: ● CHF, left sided ● Fatigue ● Weakness ● Systemic emboli ● Pulmonary emboli
Dilated
47
# Symptomatology PTs would just identify: ● Dyspnea ● Fatigue ● Right sided CHF ● Signs and symptoms of systemic disease
Restrictive
48
# Symptomatology PTs would just identify: ● Dyspnea ● Angina ● Fatigue ● Syncopex ● palpitations
Hypertrophic

(3) Cardio-Pulmo-Renal Rehabilitation (34 decks)

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