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Flashcards in SA Metastrongyles Deck (28)
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1
Q

Name four species of metastrogyles which can affect dogs and cats.

A
  • Angiostrongylus vasorum
  • Crenosoma vulpis
  • Oslerus osleri
  • Aelurostrongylus abstrusus
2
Q

Where in the body would adult Angiostrongylus vasorum be found?

A

Pulmonary arteries and right heart chambers

3
Q

How big would a Angiostrongylus vasorum be?

A

2cm

4
Q

Describe the morphology of adult Angiostrongylus vasorum.

A

Barber pole - reproductive and GI systems intertwine. Dorsal notch

5
Q

Name the intermediate hosts of Angiostrongylus vasorum.

A

Molluscs - slugs - Arion rufus

6
Q

Outline the lifecycle of Angiostrongylus vasorum.

A

Eggs hatch in the dogs lungs and are released into the pulmonary vessels they moult to L1, these are coughed up and swallowed. L1 are passed in the faeces and taken up by the intermediate host, which is then eaten by the dog. Larvae mature and to adults which migrate to the heart.

7
Q

What is the PPP of Angiostrongylus vasorum?

A

5-8 weeks

8
Q

Outline the migratory route of Angiostrongylus vasorum.

A

Migrates via blood, lymph, heart and pulmonary arteries

9
Q

How long do A. vasorum larvae spend in the intermediate host?

A

17 days

10
Q

How is A. vasorum transmitted to the definitive host?

A

L1-L3 in the slug or possibly free L3

11
Q

Name a minor paratenic host of A. vasorum.

A

Frog

12
Q

Outline the clinical signs associated with A. vasorum infection.

A

Respiratory - exercise intolerence, lethergy, soft moist cough, dyspnoea. Coagulopathies Fluctuating Haematoma Neuro Wt loss

13
Q

Which group of dogs are at higher risk of A. vasorum infection?

A

Young - up to 10 months

14
Q

Radiographic signs of A. vasorum include…

A

Patchy alveolar and interstitial pattern Cardiomegaly Enlarged pulmonary artery Need to differentiate from other lung worms via BAL and faecal examination

15
Q

How can A. vasorum infection be diagnosed?

A

BAL Faecal examination Antigen blood test Radiography Clinical signs

16
Q

Outline the treatment and control of A. vasorum.

A

Milbemycin oxime MOX, FBZ Corticosteroids Prophylactic anthelmintics Reduce exposure to fox and slug habitats

17
Q

Describe the morphology of Crenosoma vulpis.

A

Slender white worms 1.5cm Spiny cuticular folds

18
Q

Where can Crenosoma vulpis be found in the dog?

A

Mucus of trachea, bronchi and bronchioles

19
Q

Name two species of metastrongyle, on with a direct and one with an indirect lifecycle.

A

Direct - Oslerus osleri, Indirect - Angiostrongylus vasorum

20
Q

Where would adult Oslerus osleri be found in the definitive host?

A

In nodules in the trachea (particularly the tracheal bifurcation

21
Q

How is Oslerus osleri transmitted between dogs?

A

Through the faecal-oral route Through sputum - such as bitch grooming puppies

22
Q

What is the PPP of Oslerus osleri?

A

10-18 weeks

23
Q

How can Oslerus osleri infection be diagnosed?

A

Bronchoscopy to visualise nodules Larvae in faeces (low sensitivity)

24
Q

What clinical signs would be suggest Oslerus osleri infection?

A

Respiratory signs due to obstructive nodules - chronic cought, tracheo-bronchitis, exercise intolerence.

25
Q

What characteristic feature characterises Aelurostrongylus abstrusus?

A

S-shaped tail of L1 larvae

26
Q

Birds and mice act as paratenic hosts of which metastrongyle?

A

Aelurostrongylus abstrusus

27
Q

What clinical signs are assocaited with A. abstrusus?

A

Usually asymptomatic but can cause coughing and respiratory disease.

28
Q

What treatment would be used in an A. abstrusus infection?

A

FBZ