SA Urinary

Question 1

when do run a UPC?

Answer 1

persistent proteinuria
renal

Question 2

antiproteinuric drugs

Answer 2

ACE inhibitors (enalapril, benazepril)
ARBs (losartan, telmisartan)

Question 3

most common cause of AKI in dogs

Answer 3

raisins/grapes
lepto
lyme
dehydration

Question 4

most common cause of AKI in cats

Answer 4

lilies
FIP
dehydration

Question 5

nephrotoxic drugs in SA

Answer 5

carprofen
enalapril
amphotericin-B

Question 6

pyelonephritis
testing?
treatment?

Answer 6

aerobic culture
fluoroquinolones (enrofloxacin)

Question 7

leptospirosis
testing?
treatment?

Answer 7

MAT test (gold standard)
terminate lepto w IV ampicillin or IV/PO doxycycline
eliminate carrier state w PO doxycycline

Question 8

ethylene glycol
testing?
treatment?

Answer 8

can do test kit, but mainly based of clinical signs/findings
fomepizole

Question 9

most common cause of urinary incontinence

Answer 9

weak urethra

Question 10

what drugs would you use for a weak urethra/sphincter

Answer 10

Estrogen (incurin) orally
Testosterone in males
phenylpropanolamine (alpha agonist)

Question 11

phenylpropanolamine toxicity

Answer 11

inappetance
arterial hypertension
lethargy or hyperactivity

Question 12

what drugs to give for refractory incontinence

Answer 12

estrogen + PPA

Question 13

what drugs to use for sphincter hypertonicity?

Answer 13

skeletal m relaxers -
diazepam
methocarbamol
baclofen

alpha antagonist - phenoxybenzamine or prazosin

Question 14

side effect of phenoxybenzamine or prazosin

Answer 14

hypotension

Question 15

what drugs to use for detrusor atony?

Answer 15

parasympathomimetics:
bethanochol
cisapride

Question 16

side effects of bethanochol

Answer 16

salivation, vomit, diarrhea, bradycardia, miosis

Question 17

side effects of cisapride

Answer 17

minimal

Question 18

what drugs to give for detrusor hyperactivity

Answer 18

parasympatholytic:
oxybutynin
propantheline

Question 19

oxybutynin and propantheline side effects

Answer 19

ileus

Question 20

4 broad causes of pollakiuria

Answer 20

urinary disease
prostate disease
vulvitis/vaginitis
miscellaneous

Question 21

what type of culture would you do for routine urinalysis

Answer 21

aerobic culture only!

Question 22

what breed should you avoid using sulfa drugs

Answer 22

dobermans

Question 23

Brucella treatments

Answer 23

spay/neuter
quinolones
doxycycline

Question 24

which stones are radiodense

Answer 24

struvite
silicate
calcium oxalate

Question 25

which stones are commonly associated with infection? what is the treatment?

Answer 25

struvites acidfying diet

Question 26

____ dogs are predisposed to calcium oxalate calculi

Answer 26

schnauzers

Question 27

calcium oxalate crystals treatment?

Answer 27

sx alkaline diet potassium citrate vitamin B6 thiazide diuretics

Question 28

urate calculi are common in what animals? treatment?

Answer 28

dalmations PSS alkaline diet allopurinol - dalmations correct underlying disease

Question 29

silicate calculi common in what dogs? treatment?

Answer 29

GSD and retrievers surgery or alkaline diet

Question 30

cystine calculi common in what dogs? treatment?

Answer 30

male dachsund, english bulldogs, bassett hounds alkaline diet D-penecillamine potassium citrate

Question 31

FLUTD - sterile interstitial cystitis main cause? treatment?

Answer 31

stress canned food stress relief (alpha-caseozepine or L-tryptophan or BL999)

Question 32

neutering dogs helps with all canine prostatic disease except?

Answer 32

neoplasia

Question 33

which canine prostatic disease? Bilaterally enlarged, smooth, non-painful Hemorrhage is the most common sign

Answer 33

benign prostatic hyperplasia

Question 34

which canine prostatic disease? Normal size, EXTREME PAIN, clinically ill (fever, stiff gait, hematuria/pollakiuria)

Answer 34

acute bacterial prostatitis

Question 35

which canine prostatic disease? Bilaterally enlarged, irregular margination, firm, normal median groove, non-painful, subclinical, hematuria, pollakiuria, stranguria (rare)

Answer 35

chronic bacterial prostatitis

Question 36

which canine prostatic disease? Unilateral, enlarged, fluid filled, extreme painful, clinically ill (fever, stiff gait, hematuria/pollakiuria, dyschezia)

Answer 36

prostatic abscess

Question 37

which canine prostatic disease? Unilateral or bilateral, enlarged, very firm, loss of septum, fixed, stranguria

Answer 37

prostatic neoplasia - adenocarcinoma

Question 38

treatment for prostatic neoplasia

Answer 38

Piroxicam/Meloxicam (NSAID) sz radiation chemo

Question 39

which abx do you NOT give for prostatitis

Answer 39

NO beta-lactams

Question 40

what prostatic diseases have aspirate, biopsy and massage as contraindicated?

Answer 40

acute bacterial prostatitis prostatic abscess